摘要：A new spherical torus called VEST （Versatile Experiment Spherical Torus） is designed, constructed and successfully commissioned at seoul national university. A unique design feature of the VEST is two partial solenoid coils installed at both vertical ends of a center stack, which can provide sufficient magnetic fluxes to initiate tokamak plasmas while keeping a low aspect ratio configuration in the central region. According to initial double null merging start-up scenario using the partial solenoid coils, apprdpriate p6wer supplies for driving a toroidal field coil, outer poloidal field coils, and the partial solenoid Coils are fabricated and successfully commissioned. For reliable start-up, a pre-ionization system with two cost-effective homemade magnetron power supplies is also prepared. In addition, magnetic and spectroscopic diagnostics with appropriate data acquisition and control systems are well prepared for initial operation of the device. The VEST is ready for tokamak plasma operation by completing and commissioning most of the designed components.

摘要：Point-of-care testing(POCT)is the practice of diagnosing and monitoring diseases where the patient is located,as opposed to traditional treatment conducted solely in a medical laboratory or other clinical *** has been less common in the recent past due to a lack of portable medical devices capable of facilitating effective medical ***,recent growth has occurred in this field due to advances in diagnostic technologies,device miniaturization,and progress in wearable *** these developments,electrochemical sensors have attracted interest in the POCT field due to their high sensitivity,compact size,and *** are used in various applications,from disease diagnosis to health status *** this paper we explore recent advancements in electrochemical sensors,the methods of fabricating them,and the various types of sensing mechanisms that can be ***,we delve into methods for immobilizing specific biorecognition elements,including enzymes,antibodies,and aptamers,onto electrode surfaces and how these sensors are used in real-world POCT settings.

摘要：Evaluating the human friendliness of vehicles is essential for designing new vehicles since large numbers of human-machine interactions occur frequently inside vehicles. In this research, we develop an integrated framework for vehicle interior design using a digital human model （DHM）. In this framework, the knowledge-based parametric modelling function of vehicles is implemented using a commercial computer-aided design （CAD） system. The combination of the DHM and the CAD system enables designers into carry out ergonomic evaluations of various human-vehicle interactions and understand the effects of modifications of vehicle design parameters on occupants during designing. Further, the information on human-vehicle interaction obtained using this system can be transmitted to dedicated biomechanical analysis software. By analysing human motions inside vehicles using such software, we can obtain optimized interior design parameters.

摘要：3D computer-aided design (CAD) systems based on feature-based solid modelling technique have been widely spread and used for product design. However, when part models associated with features are used in various downstream applications, simplified models in various levels of detail (LODs) are frequently more desirable than the full details of the parts. In particular, the need for feature-based multiresolution representation of a solid model representing an object at multiple LODs in the feature unit is increasing for engineering tasks. One challenge is to generate valid models at various LODs after an arbitrary rearrangement of features using a certain LOD criterion, because composite Boolean operations consisting of union and subtraction are not commutative. The other challenges are to devise proper topological framework for multiresolution representation, to suggest more reasonable LOD criteria, and to extend applications. This paper surveys the recent research on these issues.

摘要：Emulating periodic main wing movement of a bird for generating lift and thrust remains a significant challenge in developing a robotic *** sequences of main wing motion are comprised of flapping,folding,bending,and *** this paper,we concentrate on the flapping and folding motion,and design two wing mechanisms based on a 4-bar linkage structure:one is only for Flapping Motion(FM)and the other is for simultaneous Flapping and Folding Motion(FFM)during a wing *** derive relationships between length and angle of links to analyze kinematic characteristics of the mechanisms and conduct an optimization to select the length parameters of links that allow maximization of the flapping *** run a simulation to confirm the performance of the optimized parameters by examining physical properties,and fabricate two wing mechanisms *** particular,the folding motion is achieved without using an additional *** measurements to investigate a lift profile of each mechanism and their quantitative comparison of the performance of both types confirm the benefits of the folding motion in the perspectives of wing frequency and *** expect that our kinematic formulation,design procedures,and comparative measurement results can help develop a wing mechanism to create a truly biomimetic robotic bird.

摘要：Wind power is one of the most reliable renewable energy sources and internationally installed capacity is increasing radically every *** wind power has been favored by the public in general,the problem with the impact of wind turbine noise on people living in the vicinity of the turbines has been *** noise wind turbine design is becoming more and more important as noise is spreading more adverse effect of wind turbine to *** paper demonstrates the design of 10 kW class wind turbines,each of three blades,a rotor diameter 6.4 m,a rated rotating speed 200 r/min and a rated wind speed 10 m/*** optimized airfoil is dedicated for the 75% spanwise position because the dominant source of a wind turbine blade is trailing edge noise from the outer 25% of the *** computations are performed for incompressible flow and for Mach number at 0.145 and for Reynolds numbers at 1.02×106 with a lift performance,which is resistant to surface contamination and turbulence *** objectives in the design process are to reduce noise emission,while sustaining high aerodynamic *** broadband noise sources are predicted by semi-empirical formulas composed of the groundwork by Brooks et *** Lowson associated with typical wind turbine operation *** the airfoil redesign process,the aerodynamic performance is analyzed to reduce the wind turbine power *** results obtained from the design process show that the design method is capable of designing airfoils with reduced noise using a commercial 10 kW class wind turbine blade airfoil as a ***,the new optimized airfoil showing 2.9 dB reductions of total sound pressure level(SPL) and higher aerodynamic performance are achieved.

摘要：In photoelectrochemical （PEC） water splitting, charge separation and collection by the electric field in the photoactive material are the most important factors for improved conversion efficiency. Hence, ferroelectric oxides, in which electrons are the majority carriers, are considered promising photoanode materials because their high built-in potential, provided by their spontaneous polarization, can signifi＇canfly enhance the separation and drift of photogenerated carriers. In this regard, the PEC properties of BiFeO3 thin-film photoanodes with different crystallographic orientations and consequent ferroelectric domain structures are investigated. As the crystallographic orientation changes from （001）pc via （ll0）pc to （lll）p~, the ferroelastic domains in epitaxial BiFeO3 thin films become mono-variant and the spontaneous polarization levels increase to 110 btC/cm2. Consequent136 the photocurrent density at 0 V vs. Ag/AgC1 increases approximately 5.3-fold and the onset potential decreases by 0.180 V in the downward polarization state. It is further demonstrated that ferroelectric switching in the （lll）pc BiFeO3 thin-film photoanode leads to an approximate change of 8,000% in the photocurrent density and a 0.330 V shift in the onset potential. This study strongly suggests that domain-engineered ferroelectric materials can be used as effective charge separation and collection layers for efficient solar water-splitting photoanodes.

摘要：This paper made a comparison of Cicero’s Rhetoric with Baumgarten’s Aesthetics,for answering the question of how Baumgarten built the system of ars aesthetica on the basis of Cicero’s *** paper demonstrated how Baumgarten’s key ideas of pulchritudo and magnitudo were related with Cicero’s decorum and modus ***’s magnitudo originated in Cicero’s ***,however,differentiated the idea pulchritudo from the Cicero’s decorum for approaching the issue of pulchritudo ipsa.

摘要：The 60-GHz traveling-wave tube （TWT） prevails nowadays as the amplifier for the satellite communication and electronic countermeasures. The folded waveguide （FW） is a promising all-metal slow-wave structure （SWS） for the 60-GHz TWT with advantages of robust performance, fine heat dissipation, considerable power and bandwidth. A novel FW periodically loaded with rectangular grooves is analyzed for the purpose of gaining higher power and gain. The rf characteristics are investigated by numerical simulation, and the nonlinear large- signal performance of such a TWT is analyzed by a 3I） particle-in-cell code MAGIC. Compared with normal circuits, relatively higher continuous-wave power （40-56 W） and similar bandwidth （5 GHz） are predicted by simulation. Meanwhile, the designed operation voltage is 10.5 kV, which keeps the low-voltage advantage of the popular helix TWT competitor. The novel FW will favor the design of a broadband and high-power 60-GHz TWT

摘要：折纸作为一种折纸艺术,几个世纪以来一直被艺术家们广泛探索.直到最近几十年,它才因其复杂的几何形状和丰富的力学性能而受到数学家和工程师的关注.以折纸为灵感的超材料的激增为材料和结构的设计打开了一扇新的窗口.通常,会根据标有合规机制的折痕线折叠一张材料来构建折纸结构.尽管它们在折纸制造中很重要,但在折纸超材料的设置中,这种合规机制尚未得到探索.本研究探讨了合规机制设计参数与折纸力学性能之间的关系.尤其我们采用的是单铰链折痕和Kresling折纸,这是刚性和非刚性折纸单元的代表性示例,采用双针穿孔兼容机构设计制造.我们使用不同的折痕参数进行轴向压缩测试,并将结果拟合到由轴向和扭转弹簧组成的棒铰折纸模型中.使用高斯回归过程提取弹簧系数和折痕参数之间的关系.结果表明,折痕参数的变化以非常不同的方式对每个弹簧元件有显著贡献,这表明合规机制根据变形模式的微调性.特别是,刚性和非刚性折纸的弹簧刚度随折痕参数而变化不同,即使调整了相同的折痕参数也是如此.此外,我们报道了Kresling折纸的定性静态响应只需改变折痕参数,就可以在单稳态和双稳态之间,或者线性和非线性之间调节,同时可以保持相同的折叠图案几何形状.我们相信,我们的结果为折纸机械超材料的褶皱选择合规机制提供了一个库和指南.