摘要：Sodium-ion batteries are promising for large-scale energy storage due to sodium's low cost and infinite abundance. The most popular cathodes for sodium-ion batteries, i.e., the layered sodium-containing oxides, usually exhibit reversible host rearrangement between P-type and O-type stacking upon charge/discharge. Herein we demonstrate that such host rearrangement is unfavorable and can be suppressed by introducing transition-metal ions into sodium layers. The electrode with stabilized P3-type stacking delivers superior rate capability, high energy efficiency, and excellent cycling performance. Owing to the cation-mixing nature, it performs the lowest lattice strain among all reported cathodes for sodium-ion batteries. Our findings highlight the significance of a stable host for sodium-ion storage and moreover underline the fundamental distinction in material design strategy between lithium-and sodium-ion batteries.

摘要：Kirigami, the ancient Japanese paper cutting technique, has been applied to achieve high stretchability and low energy loss of designed metallic glass. Despite the exploration of the underlying deformation mechanism of kirigami-inspired structures from the energy point of view, the morphable responses of the kirigami patterns and the origin of the kirigami response are yet to be fully understood. This study reveals the mechanical driven-forms of the kirigami structure with the corresponding deformation stages. Based on the beam deflection theory, the elastic buckling behavior of kirigami metallic glass is manifested and a critical force prediction model is developed. Moreover, a force concentration parameter is introduced in the rigid-plastic deformation stage, predicting the nominal ultimate force. The kirigami-inspired facture force is firstly proposed. The findings of these models are in good agreement with the experimental sizedependent kirigami responses, and expected to provide significant insights into the understanding of the deformation behavior and the design of kirigami metallic glasses.

摘要：The reaction mechanism of zeolite- or zeotype-catalyzed methanol-to-olefins（MTO） conversion is still a subject of debate. Employing periodic density functional theory calculations, the olefin-based cycle was studied using tetramethylethene（TME） as a representative olefinic hydrocarbon pool in H-SAPO-18 zeotype. The overall free energy barrier at 673 K was calculated and found to be less than 150 kJ/mol in the TME-based cycle, much lower than those in the aromatic-based cycle（〉 200 kJ/mol）, indicating that olefins themselves are the dominant active hydrocarbon pool species in H-SAPO-18. The similarity of the intermediates involved between the aromatic-based cycle and the olefin-based cycle was also highlighted, revealing that both cycles were pattern-consistent. The selectivity related to the distribution of cracking precursors, such as higher olefins or carbenium ions, as a result of the olefin-based cycle for the MTO conversion. The enthalpy barrier of the crack-ing step scaled linearly with the number of carbon atoms of cracking precursors to produce ethene or propene with ethene being much less favored than propene for cracking of C7 and higher pre-cursors. This work highlighted the importance of the olefin-based cycle in H-SAPO-18 for the MTO conversion and established the similarity between the olefin-based and aromatic-based cycles.

摘要：Aldol condensation is of significant importance for the production of fuel precursors from biomass- derived chemicals and has received increasing attention. Here we report a Nb2O5 catalyst with excellent activity and stability in the aldol condensation of biomass-derived carbonyl molecules. It is found that in the aldol condensation of furfural with 4-heptanone, Nb2O5 has obviously superior activity, which is not only better than that of other common solid acid catalysts (ZrO2 and Al2O3), more importantly, but also better than that of solid base catalysts (MgO, CaO, and magnesium- aluminum hydrotalcite). The detailed characterizations by N2 sorption/desorption, NH3-TPD, Py-FTIR and DRIFTS study of acetone adsorption reveal that Nb2O5 has a strong ability to activate the C=O bond in carbonyl molecules, which helps to generate a metal enolate intermediate and undergo the nucleophilic addition to form a new C–C bond. Furthermore, the applicability of Nb2O5 to aldol condensation is extended to other biomass-derived carbonyl molecules and high yields of target fuel precursors are obtained. Finally, a multifunctional Pd/Nb2O5 catalyst is prepared and successfully used in the one-pot synthesis of liquid alkanes from biomass-derived carbonyl molecules by combining the aldol condensation with the sequential hydrodeoxygenation.

摘要：*** is an important phenomenon in nature and is involvedin all areas of the chemical *** andheterogeneous catalysis are key techniques in chemical *** development of efficient,stable,and environmentallyfriendly catalytic methods is receiving much attentionbecause of the increasing global shortage of energy and seriousenvironmental damage.A number of efforts have been made inthe past for designing rationally catalysts to achieve desirablecatalytic activities,selectivities,and stabilities for specific reactions[1].The current energy crisis is affecting economies inevery region,particularly in fossil‐oil‐consuming countries,because of rapidly decreasing available stocks,therefore biomassconversion to fuels and chemicals using various approaches,including thermal,biological,and chemocatalyticprocesses,is attracting great attention worldwide[2].

摘要：By taking advantage of silylanization, Al2O3 support was modified by organosilane and supported Pd-Cu-Clx/Al2O3 catalysts were prepared. The effects of hydrophobicity on catalyst stability during CO oxidation were investigated. The physicochemical properties and redox potential of the catalyst were characterized by N2 adsorption-desorption, XRD, H2-TPR, and XPS. In order to understand the relationship between the oxidation stability of CO and the presence of water, the CO oxidation mechanism was studied by in situ DRIFT. Support pretreatment markedly promoted catalyst stability during CO oxidation; CO conversion was 78% after 150 h at saturated humidity and freezing point. Modification led to an obvious decrease in chloride ion concentration and enhancement in hydrophobicity. The role of water in CO oxidation was complicated. The presence of water favored CO oxidation over active Pd~＋ species and Pd0 reoxidation by Cu^（2＋） species. Meanwhile, water also inhibited the formation of the active Pd~＋ species and helped to produce carbonate species. Compared with the form of the carbonate species, the inhibition of water to produce active Pd~＋ species played the main detrimental role in catalyst stability.

摘要：The sustainable development of the chemical industry requires novel and efficient catalysts and catalytic processes,especially eco-friendly and intrinsically safe *** idea is to improve the selectivity,activity,and stability of the catalyst in an appropriate ***,it is of great academic and industrial significance to conduct in-situ characterization of a working catalyst while testing its catalytic *** is beneficial for a comprehensive study on the dynamic evolution of the catalyst structure under real conditions,deepening the understanding of the structure-performance relationship of catalysts,and providing a scientific basis for the development of future generation catalytic *** far,it is still a great challenge to realize full life cycle characterization of heterogeneous catalysts from catalyst formation and function to deactivation under real world *** this mini review,we summarize the characterization strategies for heterogeneous catalysts,using zeolite,metal,and metal oxide catalysts as typical *** research strategies for the approximation of industrial conditions,multi-scale in-situ characterization devices,and computational modeling of realistic conditions should provide insight for the research and development of industrial catalysis.

摘要：Summary of main observation and conclusion To combat multidrug-resistant Gram-positive bacteria,new antimicrobials particularly those with novel mechanism of action are badly *** with conventional antibiotics which are typical inhibitors,small-molecule activators of bacterial CIpP represent a new class of *** ClpP activator has been developed for clinical ***,we conducted a screening on our library of benga-mide-like ring opened analogues and found that L472-2 possesses a low minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)against *** and shows no activity for ClpP activation in vitro,but it displayed reduced antibacterial activity against *** with clpP *** order to obtain bengamide analogues that activate ClpP in vitro as well as possess antibacterial activity,we perform further structural modifications starting from *** 37 re-mains the antimicrobial activity and activation of ClpP protein in vitro,which could be viewed as a new chemical scaffold for ClpP activators and worthy of further investigation.

摘要：The interface properties in two-dimensional(2D)layered materials and their van der Waals(vdW)homo-/heterostructures are of importance in both uncovering novel physical phenomena and optimizing device *** considerable research interest and enthusiasm direct toward the interlayer coupling in 2D homo-and heterostructures,there is limited research on the coupling at the 2D layered material-substrate *** limitation is due to the challenges in achieving direct ***,the coupling mechanisms at the 2D layered material-substrate interface is ambiguous,which needs greater *** this study,we have systematically investigated the interface coupling between monolayer WS_(2)and its supported substrates using high-temperature and high-vacuum in-situ Raman spectroscopy through monitoring the low-frequency Raman mode of monolayer WS_(2).Our findings reveal that both interfacial spacing and strain can significantly affect the coupling strength between the monolayer WS_(2)and the supported *** notably,we found that the strategic introduction of appropriate interfacial strain can effectively enhance the interface ***,we have succeeded in achieving effective regulation of the sample-substrate coupling via a convenient way of controlling the cooling process during *** findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the coupling correlation between 2D layered materials and substrates,which is of great significance for the design and optimization of high-performance devices based on 2D layered semiconductors.

摘要：Regulating the selectivity of catalysts in selective hydrogenation reactions at the atomic level is highly desirable but remains a grand challenge. Here we report a simple and practical strategy to synthesize a monolithic single-atom catalyst(SAC) with isolated Pd atoms supported on bulk nitrogen-doped carbon foams(Pd-SAs/CNF). Moreover, we demonstrate that the single-atom Pd sites with unique electronic structure endow Pd-SAs/CNF with an isolated site effect, leading to excellent activity and selectivity in 4-nitrophenylacetylene semi-hydrogenation reaction. In addition, benefiting from the great integrity and excellent mechanical strength, monolithic Pd-SAs/CNF catalyst is easy to separate from the reaction system for conducting the subsequent recycling. The cyclic test demonstrates the excellent reusability and stability of monolithic Pd-SAs/CNF *** discovery of isolated site effect provides a new approach to design highly selective catalysts. And the development of monolithic SACs provides new opportunities to advance the practical applications of single-atom catalysts.