摘要：高分辨率模式比较计划(HighResMIP)是CMIP6中新增的模式间比较计划,旨在关注水平分辨率对气候模拟的影响。本文介绍了中国科学院大气物理研究所全球25km FGOALS-f3-H和100km FGOALS-f3-L模式的基本信息,以及参与HighResMIP的试验设计,强迫数据,数据后处理方法等信息。水平分辨率25km的FGOALS-f3-H模式和100km FGOALS-f3-L模式由标准外强迫场驱动,且分别在1950-2014和2015-50时段进行两组协同试验,试验编号分别为'highresSST-present'及'highresSST-future'。模拟和预估数据集包含多种输出频率:1小时平均,3小时平均,6小时瞬时,日平均和月平均等。评估结果表明:水平分辨率的提高能够显著改进模式在热带气旋、日变化和极端降水的模拟性能。相较于全球100km低分辨率的FGOALS-f3-L,全球25km的FGOALS-f3-H能够更好的刻画热带气旋的生命周期和全球降水的日变化主要特征,特别是能够准确再现亚洲夏季风的降水日变化峰值时间。该数据集的发布将大大促进水平分辨率对气候模拟和预估影响的相关研究。

摘要：This paper mainly discusses the power and solidarity among participants in the community correction discourse from sociolinguistic perspective by adopting the methodology of conversation *** the comparative study of the steps of Initial Evaluation and Entry Ceremony in community correction,this paper analyses the power and solidarity in the features of adjacency pair and turn-taking,and finds that the step of Initial Evaluation is relatively negotiable and represents the social relationship of solidarity,while the step of Entry Ceremony stresses more on social distance and power *** reasons that cause the power and solidarity in the Initial Evaluation and the Entry Ceremony from the perspective of social identity and social purposes are also explored.

摘要：目的确定皮质激素是否可有效预防成年危重症患者拔管后喉部水肿，并降低因喉部水肿导致的再插管。设计荟萃分析。数据来源：检索数据库PubMed，Cochrane Controlled Trials Register，Web of Science，and Embase，对语言、研究时间和发表状态没有限制。选择标准关于静脉使用皮质激素预防成年患者拔管后并发症的随机、安慰剂对照研究。回顾方法检索并根据纳入和排除标准选择文献、提取数据、评估方法学的可靠性，然后进行独立分析并重复。汇总分析数据得到优势比和95％可信区间，风险差异和需治数。研究终点：主要终点：拔管后发生喉部水肿。次要终点：由于喉部水肿导致的再插管。结果6项临床研究纳入分析（n=1923）。与安慰剂组相比，拔管前应用激素可降低喉部水肿（OR=0．38，95％可信区间为0．17～0．85）和再插管（OR=0．29，95％可信区间为0．15～0．58）的发生率，相应的风险差异分别为-0．10（-0．12～-0．07；需治数为10）和-0．02（-0．04～-0．01;需治数为50）。亚组分析显示，多次给药可明显降低喉部水肿（OR=0．14，95％可信区间为0．08～0．23）和再插管（OR=0．19，95％可信区间为0．07～0．50）的发生率，相应的风险差异分别为-0．19（-0．24--0．15；需治数为5）和-0．04（-0．07--0．02；需治数为25）。单次给药只发现有降低喉部水肿和再插管发生率的趋势，可信区间包含1。没有报道激素相关的副作用。结论成年患者拔管前预防性多次给予皮质激素可降低拔管后喉部水肿和因其所致再插管的发生率，且很少引发不良事件。

摘要：In the study, E. sibiricus L. cv. chuancao No. 2 was allocated to plots in a randomized block design with five row gradients (30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 cm). At the flowering stage, the root, stem, leaf and inflorescence of population, as well as the quantitative traits of components, biomass structure, accumulation and distribution proportion of energy were measured and analyzed. For different row spacings, there are highly significant differences between total tillers and ratio of fertile tillers per square meter and significant differences among the eustipes length, eustipes number and natural height of each tiller; but there are no significant differences among the leaf length, leaf width and leaf number of each tiller. A significant difference is found between the depth and distribution range of root, inflorescence stalk, and ear number of fertile tillers, and the biomass of leaf, stem, root and inflorescence. The influenced order is stem > leave > root > inflorescence. No significant influence is found among the energy values of single leaf, stem, root and inflorescence; but a significant influence is found among the energy accumulation of the leaf, stem, root and inflorescence with the effect degree being stem > leaf > inflorescence > root. Significant differences are also found among the energy distribution of each component with the order of leaf > stem > inflorescence > root.

摘要：自2019年12月新型冠状病毒肺炎(Coronavirus Disease 2019, COVID-19)暴发以来,已有大量相关临床研究完成注册或已启动。然而,不同研究间临床结局指标存在显著的异质性,同时一些不关键的指标会造成研究资源的浪费。本研究旨在构建COVID-19临床试验核心结局指标集(core outcome set, COS),为相关临床研究方案设计、开展和证据转化提供参考。本研究的实施参照《有效性试验核心结局指标(COMET)手册》(1.0版),研究组成员包括呼吸系统和危重医学、中医学、循证医学、临床药理学、统计学专家以及医学杂志编辑等。通过检索临床试验注册网站(***和***)中COVID-19相关临床研究方案,提取方案中的结局指标,形成指标池。78个COVID-19临床试验方案纳入研究,收集结局指标259个,合并规范后确定132个结局指标,涉及7个指标域。经遴选,形成了包括58个结局指标在内的初始指标清单。经过两轮德尔菲调查和一轮共识会议,最终确立针对COVID-19不同临床分型的核心指标集(COS-COVID)。COS-COVID包括1个轻型指标(病毒核酸检测转阴时间)、4个普通型指标(住院时间、复合事件发生率、临床症状积分和病毒核酸检测转阴时间)、5个重型指标(复合事件发生率、住院时间、PaO2/FiO2、机械通气时间和病毒核酸检测转阴时间)、1个危重型指标(全因死亡率)及1个康复期指标(肺功能)。COS-COVID作为目前临床评价COVID-19干预效果最具临床价值及操作性的指标集合,对证据评估和决策具有重要意义。随着对疾病认知的不断深入和COS-COVID应用的反馈,课题组将对本核心指标集进行进一步完善并更新。

摘要：The inner flow field of a biogas plant can be optimized by agitating the feedstock to be evenly distributed for a rising biogas production rate. A hydraulic agitator can be installed in the digester with outlets far above the bottom. Hydraulic mixing is essential in a solid-liquid two-phase flow process, in which large solid particles can be found at the initial stage and turn to being high-concentration viscous liquid (non-Newtonian fluid). A 0.75 m3 digester was taken as a case study with CFD (computational fluid dynamics) software. The basic pattern was simulated by using water as the medium and the pattern of pseudo plastic fluid state was simulated by the Euler-Euler Model, then the effect of optimized design with bottom inflow and high dispersed outlets could be verified. Viewed from the mixing effects, the velocity of 0.6 m/s is better than 1 m/s for water medium, while 1 m/s better than 0.6 m/s for pseudo plastic fluid medium.