摘要：目的:公路隧道在采用横向式通风系统时,送风道内的空气应通过送风孔均匀地输送至隧道内,以满足整个隧道范围内的新鲜空气补充和污染物稀释的需求。但是,目前的隧道通风设计规范并没有明确的等量送风设计方法,且业界关于该问题的研究也极为缺乏。考虑到多页对开式风阀在风量调整方面的便利性与实用性,本文旨在通过明确风阀风阻特性以及等量送风管道内外静压的分布规律,研究一种通过调整风阀开角来实现风孔风量控制的理论设计方法。创新点:1.结合量纲分析与数值模拟分析方法得出多页对开式风阀的风阻特性;2.通过对等量送风道内外部建立一元伯努利方程,得出等量送风管道内的静压分布规律;3.结合风阀风阻特性以及管道内外静压分布规律,得出一种基于压力平衡的风阀叶片开角理论调节方法,且该方法可以实现各风孔送风风量的理论控制。方法:1.利用量纲分析方法得出多页对开式风阀风阻特性的影响因素;2.利用二维和三维数值分析方法计算得出不同叶片开角和风速比值条件下的风阀阻力系数(表2和图6);3.通过理论分析,在送风道内部和风阀内外侧断面间建立一元伯努利方程,得到风道内的风速与静压分布规律,以及通过调节开角实现风量控制的理论设计方法;4.利用数值分析方法对研究得到的等量送风理论设计方法进行可行性验证(图9和10)。结论:1.影响多页对开式风阀风阻特性的2个因素分别是风阀的叶片开角和风道与风阀内的风速比值;2.结合等量送风管道内静压分布规律以及风阀风阻特性,可以通过调整叶片开角实现风阀送风风量的理论控制;3.数值验证结果表明,通过控制叶片开角来实现风阀出风风量的理论控制方法具备可行性且精度较高。

摘要：The minimum curve radius is one of the most important factors in railway route design. The minimum curve radius of the Hainan East Ring Railway, a newly built high-speed passenger-dedicated line from Haikou to Sanya, Hainan, China, was determined through comparative analysis of the design codes both in China and Germany. The results show that the design parameters of the Hainan East Ring Railway in terms of the minimum curve radius determined by China＇s Temporary Regulations, conform to the ones by German code, and even preserve some capacity for speeds up to 300 km/h in the future. Additionally, the related counter- measures for speed increases in this line were proposed on the premise of the safety and riding comfort of the trains.

摘要：The design theories of the ballastless track in the world are reviewed in comparison with the innovative research achievements of high-speed railway ballastless track in *** calculation methods and parameters concerning train load,thermal effect,and foundation deformation of high-speed railway ballastless track,together with the structural design methods are ***,some suggestions on the future work are provided.

摘要：拟定中的京沪高速铁路南京长江沉管隧道，设计中需确定列车荷载的影响。本文根据弹性地基梁原理，采用计算各截面的影响线方法，按最不利情况加载，得到了最大的反应值（沉陷，剪力和弯矩），并采用三维有限元拟静力方式，对沉管隧道接头受力状态进行分析计算，计算结果为长江沉管隧道的初步设计提供了参考依据。

摘要：With the continuous improvement of the train speed, the dynamic environment of trains turns out to be aerodynamic domination. Solving the aerodynamic problems has become one of the key factors of the high-speed train head design. Given that the aerodynamic drag is a significant factor that restrains train speed and energy conservation, reducing the aerodynamic drag is thus an important consideration of the high-speed train head design. However, the reduction of the aerodynamic drag may increase other aerodynamic forces (moments), possibly deteriorating the operational safety of the train. The multi-objective optimization design method of the high-speed train head was proposed in this paper, and the aerodynamic drag and load reduction factor were set to be optimization objectives. The automatic multi-objective optimization design of the high-speed train head can be achieved by integrating a series of procedures into the multi-objective optimization algorithm, such as the establishment of 3D parametric model, the aerodynamic mesh generation, the calculation of the flow field around the train, and the vehicle system dynamics. The correlation between the optimization objectives and optimization variables was analyzed to obtain the most important optimization variables, and a further analysis of the nonlinear relationship between the key optimization variables and the optimization objectives was obtained. After optimization, the aerodynamic drag of optimized train was reduced by up to 4.15%, and the load reduction factor was reduced by up to 1.72%.

摘要：In this work,a series of biodegradable pure iron,Fe–30Mn and Fe–30Mn–Ag alloys were developed by using a rapid solidification technology.A fine a-Fe dendrite was formed in pure iron,resulting in a high compressive yield strength of above 300 *** Fe–30Mn alloy doped with only 1%Ag exhibited a significant increase in the degradation rate in simulated body fluid due to the precipitation of Ag-rich particles in alloy matrix and the induction of the microgalvanic *** addition,the novel Fe–30Mn–Ag alloy also exhibited a good magnetic compatibility and offered a closely approaching requirement for biodegradable medical applications.

摘要：With the increasing of complexity of complex mechatronic products, it is necessary to involve multidis- ciplinary design teams, thus, the traditional customer requirements modeling for a single discipline team becomes difficult to be applied in a multidisciplinary team and project since team members with various disciplinary backgrounds may have different interpretations of the customers＇ requirements. A new synthesized multidisci- plinary customer requirements modeling method is pro- vided for obtaining and describing the common understanding of customer requirements （CRs） and more importantly transferring them into a detailed and accurate product design specifications （PDS） to interact with dif- ferent team members effectively. A case study of designing a high speed train verifies the rationality and feasibility of the proposed multidisciplinary requirement modeling method for complex mechatronic product development. This proposed research offersthe instruction to realize the customer-driven personalized customization of complex mechatronic product.

摘要：未来活动通讯系统瞄准提供很高的数据传播率，甚至在象高速度的车轮轨道火车，磁悬浮火车火车，高速公路车辆，飞机，指导导弹或太空船那样的高活动性的情形。一个特别地重要的商业应用程序是对高速度的宽带的强壮、增加的世界范围的要求无线通讯(多达 574.8 ? km/h 测试速度或 380 ? km/h 广告速度)为象为旅客的机载的娱乐服务那样的应用程序在铁路，提供的数据，声音和录像满足，火车控制，训练派遣，火车传感器地位处理和监视。在如此的高活动性的情形，有很多通讯挑战，包括快移交，更新的地点，当模特儿的高速度的隧道，评价和均等， anti-Doppler 传播技术，快力量控制，和奉献网络建筑学。因为在很高速度的情形的信号传播将不可避免地经历 s ……

摘要：As a famous hole transporting material, nickle oxide (NiOx) has drawn enormous attention due to its low cost and superior stability. However, the relatively low conductivity and high-density surface trap states of NiOx severely limit device performance in solar cell applications. Interfacial engineering is an efficient approach to achieve remarkable hole-transporting performance by surface passivation. Herein, the efficient NiOx hole transport layer was prepared by surface passivation engineering strategy via facile solution processes with cesium iodide (CsI). It is demonstrated that CsI plays a super-effective dual-function role in inverted solar cell device: On one hand, the presence of CsI hugely passivates the surface trap states at the NiOx/perovskite interface along with obviously improved conductivity by the incorporated Cs^(+);on the other hand, the ions immigration is significantly suppressed by the presence of I ion for high-quality perovskite films, resulting in a stable contact interface. The ameliorative interface leads to largely reduced carrier non-radiative recombination, attributing to boosted carrier extraction efficiency. As a result, decent power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 18.48% with a noticeable fill factor (FF) beyond 80% was achieved. This facile and efficient surface engineering approach with dual-function shows excellent potential for the design of high-performance functional interfacial modification layer to achieve high-performance solar cells.

摘要：In this work, the unified fracture design （UFD） is extended for the first time to the fractured horizontal wells in heterogeneous closed box-shaped tight gas reservoirs. Utilizing the direct boundary element method and influence function, the dimensionless fracture productivity index is obtained and expressed in the function of proppant volume and fracture geometry at the pseu- do-steady state. With the iterative method, the effectively propped permeability, kfe, is corrected using the i^-situ Reynolds number, NRe. The goal of this paper is to present a new UFD extension to design the proppant volume and the optimal fracture geometry. The results show that there exists an optimal proppant volume for a certain reservoir. The small aspect ratio （yJXe） and high permeability reservoirs need short and wide fractures to diminish the non-Darcy effect. On the contrary, long and narrow fractures are required for the large aspect ratio and low permeability reservoirs. A small proppant volame is prone to creating long fractures, while a relatively large proppant volume creates wide fractures. The new extension can be used to evaluate the previous fracture parameters and design the following fracture parameters of the fractured horizontal well in heterogeneous tight gas reservoirs, with the non-Darcy effect taken into account.