摘要：Electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction under ambient conditions is a promising pathway for ammonia *** nitrogen reduction reactions are carried out in N_(2)-saturated environments and use high-purity nitrogen as feedstock,which is ***,we prepared carbon-coated ultra-low 4d metal Ru-doped liquid metal Ga(Ru_(0.06)/LM@C)for NRR over a wide range of N_(2) *** analyses show that the introduction of the ultra-low 4d element Ru can effectively adjust the electronic structure through orbital interactions,thus enhancing the adsorption of nitrogen-containing *** liquid catalyst utilized its mobility to provide a higher density of active *** addition,the material Ru_(0.06)/Ga@C itself has the ability to promote product *** three act synergistically to optimize the N_(2) mass transfer path,thereby increasing the*NNH coverage and further improving the ammonia yield over a wide range of N_(2) *** maximum NH_(3) yield of the catalyst can reach 126.0μg h^(-1) mgcat^(-1)(at–0.3 V ***)with high purity N_(2) as feed gas,and the Faraday efficiency is 60.4%at–0.1 V *** a wide range of N_(2) concentrations,the NH_(3) yield of the catalyst was greater than 100μg h^(-1) mgcat^(-1) with a Faraday efficiency higher than 47%.The catalytic performance is much higher than that of solid Ga@C and reported p-block metal-based catalysts.

摘要：Transitional metal phosphides with array-like structure grown on conductive support materials are promising bifunctional catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction(OER)and hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).In this study,a method was developed to synthesize directly porous Ni2P nanosheet arrays and Ni2P nanoparticles onto nickel foam via a hydrothermal reaction followed by a phosphorization *** studies revealed that the allomorphs of Ni2P nanosheets and Ni2P nanoparticles in the array-like structure were formed via the Kirkendall effect and Ostwald ripening.A fully functional water electrolyzer containing Ni2P as electrodes for the OER and HER exhibited promising activity and *** 10 mA·cm^−2,a Ni2P cell voltage of 1.63 V was obtained,which was only 0.05 V smaller than that found for Pt/C/NF||RuO2/NF *** enhanced electrocatalytic performance resulted from the favorable porosity of the Ni2P arrays and the synergistic effect between Ni2P nanosheets and Ni2P nanoparticles.

摘要：A series of novel 5?alkoxyfuran-2(5H)-one derivatives was synthesized, and characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and HRMS. Biological activities of all the title compounds were evaluated systematically. Preliminary bioassays indicated that most of the compounds exhibited moderate insecticidal activities against Aphis craccivora and Nilaparvata lugens at 100 mg/L. Compounds 4h and 4w exhibited 100% mortality rate against Aphis craccivora at 100 mg/L, and compound 4h exhibited good mortality rate against Aphis craccivora and Nilaparvata lugens (60% and 75%, respectively) even at 4 mg/L. The results demonstrated the impact of various chemical groups on insecticidal activities and provided a potential clue for further exploring novel high-effective broad-spectrum insecticides.

摘要：Among the sustainable energy sources,hydrogen is the one most promising for alleviating the pollution issues related to the usage of conventional fuels,as it can be produced in an efficient and eco-friendly way via electrocatalytic water *** hydrogen evolution reaction(HER,a half-reaction of water splitting)plays a pivotal role in decreasing the price and increasing the catalytic efficiency of hydrogen production and is efficiently promoted by metal phosphides in different ***,we summarize the recent advances in the development of metal phosphides as HER electrocatalysts,focus on their synthesis(post-treatment,in situ generation,and electrodeposition methods)and the enhancement of their electrocatalytic activity(via elemental doping,interface and vacancy engineering,construction of specific supports and nanostructures,and the design of bior polymetallic phosphides),and highlight the crucial issues and challenges of future development.

摘要：Metal‐organic framework(MOF)‐derived nanomaterials have attracted widespread attention,because the excellent features,such as high surface area,porosity and tunable properties are inherited from ***,the derivatives avoid the poor conductivity and stability of ***‐derived nanomaterials can easily be regulated by a specific selection of metal nodes and organic linkers,resulting in multifunctionality in *** derivatives can be used not only as semiconductor photocatalysts,but also as co‐catalysts for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution,CO_(2) reduction,pollutants degradation,*** review focuses on the multifunctional applications of MOF derivatives in the field of *** researches in recent years are analyzed and summarized from the aspects of preparation,modification and application of MOF *** the end of the review,the development and challenges of MOF derivatives applied in photocatalysis in the future are put forward,in order to provide more references for further research in this field and bring new inspiration.

摘要：离子插层是提高Ti_(3)C_(2)TxMXene电化学性能的有效方法之一.然而,不同的插层离子对MXene的结构和电化学性能的影响是否相同这一问题尚不清楚.本文系统研究了Li+、Na+、K+、Cs+、Zn2+、Mg2+、SO_(4)2-和OH-等一系列离子插层后的MXene的结构特征和电化学性能.研究结果表明,插层离子的半径、电荷数和化学特性对插层效果都会产生影响.在所研究的插层剂中,由离子半径最大的一价阳离子Cs+和具有强碱性的阴离子OH-组成的插层剂CsOH对MXene具有较好的插层效果.插层后的MXene层间距增大,层间容纳了大量游离水,Ti的价态升高,片层表面有利于氧化还原反应的含O官能团增多,这都大大促进了电解液离子H+的扩散与存储.由此制备的电极的质量比电容大幅度提高,为原始MXene电极的7倍多,而且经过20,000次充放电循环后电容保持率未发生下降.本文为具有高电容性能的MXene和MXene基复合电极的合理设计和制备提供了指导.