摘要：有机集成化光电子器件兼具了小型化和多功能性的优势,如集成了有机发光和紫外探测的有机发光紫外探测器件(OLED-UVOPDs).这种器件中的有机光电材料的设计仍然面临重大的挑战.在本文中,以蒽为π桥,腈基苯为受体,三苯胺(TPA)和二甲基三苯胺(2mTPA)分别为给体,设计并合成了两种可用于OLED-UVOPD器件的蓝色发光分子,TPA-AN和2mTPA-AN.它们的发光峰分别位于474和488 nm处,荧光量子产率为51.1%和46.6%.通过单载流子器件计算得到其电子迁移率分别为3.96×10^(-5)和6.63×10^(-7)cm^(2)V^(-1)s^(-1).基于TPA-AN的OLED器件表现出强的蓝光发射,最大亮度为43,110 cd m^(-2),最大外量子效率(EQE)为8.1%.它们在OLED-UVOPD集成器件中表现出优异的性能,紫外探测率分别为7.18×10^(11)和2.85×10^(12)Jones,最大EQE分别为8.7%和5.9%.

摘要：Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs)are attracting worldwide attention due to their multiple merits such as extreme safety,low cost,feasible assembly,and environmentally friendly enabled by water-based *** present,AZIBs have experienced systematic advances in battery components including cathode,anode,and electrolyte,whereas research involving separators is *** separator is the crucial component of AZIBs through providing ion transport,forming contact with electrodes,serving as a container for electrolyte,and ensuring the efficient battery *** this great yet ignored significance,it is timely to present the latest advances in design strategies,the systematic classification and summary of *** summarize the separator optimization strategies mainly along two approaches including the modification of the frequently used glass fiber and the exploitation of new *** advantages and disadvantages of the two strategies are analyzed from the material types and the characteristics of different *** effects and mechanisms of various materials on regulating the uniform migration and deposition of Zn2+,balancing the excessively concentrated nucleation points,inhibiting the growth of dendrites,and the occurrence of side reactions were discussed using confinement,electric field regulation,ion interaction force,desolvation,***,potential directions for further improvement and development of AZIBs separators are proposed,aiming at providing helpful guidance for this booming field.

摘要：动载荷识别在结构设计和优化中起着至关重要的作用目前的大多数研究都集中在确定性结构上.然而,实际工程结构中的结构参数是未知的.不确定参数的存在会导致载荷识别结果与实际载荷值之间的误差,因此研究不确定结构的动载荷识别问题至关重要的.本文针对含有不确定参数的结构,提出了一种数据驱动的动载荷识别方法.首先,将不确定参数由一组闭区间向量表征.然后引入卷积神经网络(CNN)对未知载荷区间进行重构.将区间分析理论与泰勒展开相结合,得到了监督载荷的上下边界,并将其用作训练样本.最后,训练后的CNN模型直接识别未知载荷区间的边界.仿真结果表明,该方法具有较高的载荷识别精度和对噪声的鲁棒性.我们构造了一个简支梁结构进行实验,以进一步验证所提出方法在工程中的可行性.此外,我们还讨论了测量点分布和样本数量对识别精度的影响,这有利于在工程实践中的应用。

摘要：随着对X射线成像,特别是对弯曲和不规则物体的三维成像的需求不断增加,高性能柔性闪烁膜的开发引起了人们的极大关注.镧系(Ⅲ)-有机闪烁体由于其在结构设计和光学可调谐方面的巨大灵活性,最近成为一类新的有前途的X射线闪烁体.然而,设计具有高光产额和良好溶液分散性的镧系元素(Ⅲ)-有机闪烁体仍然具有挑战性.本文报道了一种具有高效X射线激发发光(XEL)和良好溶液分散性的铕-钛氧簇合物(Eu-TiOCs)闪烁体.笼状镧-钛氧原子簇核作为X射线吸收剂,产生高能电子并引发二次电子热弛豫.有机配体作为能量转移桥和天线,通过级联能量转移来敏化Ln^(3+);离子的发光.Eu-TiOCs闪烁体表现出高的稳态X射线光产额(高达26,816±2000 photons MeV^(-1)).此外,EuTiOCs闪烁体和聚合物的羟基之间的弱氢键相互作用增强了Eu-TiOCs的溶液分散性,有利于制备低光散射和均匀闪烁膜.铕-钛氧簇与聚合物之间的通过无机簇笼和有机配体之间的协同作用,所得到的柔性闪烁膜对平面和非平面物体都表现出的高空间分辨率和低剂量X射线成像.本工作为进一步设计和制备高性能X射线闪烁体和高分辨率柔性闪烁膜提供了新思路.

摘要：准二维钙钛矿表现出独特的光物理性质,这使它们成为激光技术潜在进步的优秀候选材料.高性能纳秒脉冲激光和放大自发发射(ASE)是实现连续波抽运光电泵浦激光器的关键工艺.然而,在纳秒脉冲激光泵浦下发展准二维钙钛矿ASE或激光仍然存在一些困难,包括表面缺陷浓度高、俄歇复合和能量传递效率低.本文通过无添加剂的Cs^(+)阳离子掺杂策略,可以很好地控制准二维钙钛矿膜的形貌和相分布,从而解决了低n相导致的能量传递途径不足的问题.本文通过快速的能量传递过程揭示了增益性质和载流子复合.基于此,掺杂适当比例Cs^(+)阳离子的PEA_(2)(FA_(0.7)Cs_(0.3))_(2)Pb_(3)Br_(10)钙钛矿膜的净增益系数比原始钙钛矿薄膜提高了近3倍,从而将纳秒激光激发下的放大自发发射阈值降低到1/3.研究结果表明,在准二维钙钛矿中掺杂Cs^(+)可为实现高性能激光器件的相位分布设计提供见解.

摘要：Both batch-to-batch(B2 B)and roll-to-roll(R2 R)processes can be used for mass production of graphene *** of the simplicity of equipment,the B2 B process is more commonly used in laboratory *** contrast,the R2 R process is more industrially preferred because it is easier to automate and more compatible with the subsequent transfer *** to now,the research on R2 R process has mainly focused on the design of the reactor or the loading configuration,but the in-depth understanding on the growth kinetics is *** this paper,we investigated the evolution of graphene growth and revealed that the graphene domain density grown by the R2 R process was larger than that by the B2 B process with the same reaction parameters,which was attributed to different reaction profiles between the two ***,the defective graphene could be healed with elongated reaction *** the optimized R2 R process,graphene films with quality comparable to those grown by conventional B2 B process could be *** research will promote the development of the mass-production technique for graphene films.

摘要：Aqueous hybrid supercapacitors(AHSCs)offer potential safety and eco-friendliness compared with conventional electrochemical energy storage devices that use toxic and flammable organic *** can serve as the bridge between aqueous batteries and aqueous supercapacitors by combining the advantages of high energy of the battery electrode and high power as well as long lifespan of the capacitive *** the past few decades,extensive research efforts have been devoted to developing advanced materials and fascinating device architectures for ***,further development related to the compatibilities between the battery-type electrode and capacitive electrode remains stagnant mainly due to discrepancy encountered in terms of reaction kinetics and *** review focuses on the recent progress made in the field of AHSCs via elucidating the main concepts on the design of battery and capacitive electrodes and emerging *** particular,ingenious AHSCs that possess either better flexibility toward materials selection or better device functionality such as those with“dual-ion”energy storage mechanism and non-polarity feature are also *** advances and unresolved issues in multivalent ion hybrid devices(in particular,zinc-ion AHSCs)are further ***,future research directions and challenges for AHSCs are presented,which are anticipated to deliver higher energy and demonstrate greater multifunctionalities for more breakthrough technology applications.

摘要：Noble metal-reducible oxide interfaces have been regarded as one of the most active sites for water-gas shift ***,the molecular reaction mechanism of water-gas shift reaction at these interfaces still remains ***,water-gas shift reaction at Pt-NiO interfaces has been in-situ explored using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy by construction of Au@Pt@NiO *** Raman spectroscopic evidence demonstrates that water-gas shift reaction at Pt-NiO interfaces proceeds via an associative mechanism with the carbonate species as a key *** carbonate species is generated through the reaction of adsorbed CO with gaseous water,and its decomposition is a slow step in water-gas shift ***,the Pt-NiO interfaces would promote the formation of this carbonate intermediate,thus leading to a higher activity compared with pure *** spectral information deepens the fundamental understanding of the reaction mechanism of water-gas shift reaction,which would promote the design of more efficient catalysts.

摘要：The hydrogenation of CO_(2) into methanol has attracted much attention and In_(2)O_(3) is a promising *** metal elements into In_(2)O_(3)(M/In_(2)O_(3))is one of the main strategies to improve its ***,its mechanism and active sites remain unclear and need to be further ***,the noble‐metal‐free In_(x)‐Co_(y) oxides catalysts were ***‐improved performance and obvious product selectivity shift were *** optimized catalyst(In_(1)‐Co_(4))(9.7 mmol g_(cat)^(–1) h^(–1))showed five times methanol yields than pure In_(2)O_(3)(2.2 mmol g_(cat)^(–1) h^(–1))(P=4.0 MPa,T=300°C,GHSV=24000 cm^(3)_(STP) g_(cat)^(–1) h^(–1),H_(2):CO_(2)=3).And the cobalt‐catalyzed CO_(2) methanation activity was suppressed,although cobalt was most of the metal *** unravel this selectivity shift,detailed catalysts performance evaluation,together with several in‐situ and ex‐situ characterizations,were employed on cobalt and In‐Co for comparative *** results indicated CO_(2) hydrogenation on cobalt and In‐Co catalyst both followed the formate pathway,and In‐Co reconstructed and generated a surface In_(2)O_(3)‐enriched core‐shell‐like structure under a reductive *** enriched In_(2)O_(3) at the surface significantly enhanced CO_(2) adsorption capacity and well stabilized the intermediates of CO_(2) ***_(2) and carbon‐containing intermediates adsorbed much stronger on In‐Co than cobalt led to a feasible surface C/H ratio,thus allowing the*CH_(3)O to desorb to produce CH_(3)OH instead of being over‐hydrogenated to CH_(4).

摘要：三维(3D)狄拉克半金属因其独特的拓扑能带结构及优异的光电性能在中/远红外波段的宽光谱光电探测领域具有巨大的应用潜力.然而,由于较大的暗电流,构建具有高信噪比(SNR)的3D狄拉克半金属宽光谱光电探测器仍面临很大挑战.本工作基于分子束外延生长的(Cd_(1-x)Zn_(x))_(3)As_(2)薄膜发展了一种超低器件噪声的3 D狄拉克半金属(Cd_(1-x)Zn_(x))_(3)As_(2)/Sb_(2)Se_(3)背靠背异质结光电探测器线阵.得益于有效的双异质结设计策略,该探测器可以实现从可见光(450 nm)到中红外(4.5μm)波段的室温高性能宽光谱探测器目标,其峰值SNR和D*分别可达104和5.2×10^(12)Jones,并具有相对较快的响应速度(~87.5μs).此外,不同探测器线列单元之间呈现出的稳定性、均匀性特征表明了其在未来应用于光迹实时跟踪等光电子器件中的可行性.该研究为基于3D狄拉克半金属材料制备具有超高SNR的高速宽光谱光电探测器提供了参考策略,展示了半金属在高速非制冷红外焦平面成像阵列探测器中的广阔前景.