摘要：锂金属负极和碳酸酯类电解液之间不稳定的界面是限制高比能锂金属电池循环寿命的关键挑战.本文使用含苯环的双酚A乙氧基化物二甲基丙烯酸酯(BAED)交联剂调节聚(丙烯酸六氟丁酯)(PHFBA),设计了一种弹性人造固体电解质中间相(RASEI)来解决这个问题.刚性BAED分子可以对柔性PHBA基体进行调控,实现从600%伸长率到90%压缩率的卓越回弹性,并具有超过2 MPa的高杨氏模量.RASEI可以适应锂金属较大的体积变化,并确保电池运行过程中锂金属与RASEI之间的紧密接触,促进均匀的锂沉积并减少副反应.因此,经过RASEI修饰的Li‖Li对称电池可以在1 mA cm^(-2)和1 mAh cm^(-2)下实现超过500小时的长期循环.对循环后锂金属进行测试分析表明锂枝晶的生长得到了有效的抑制.此外,搭配20 mg cm^(-2)高阴极负载的NCM811软包电池在1 C下,经过200次循环后容量保持率超过85%.

摘要：LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.1)O_(2)(NCM811)因具有高容量和相对低的成本,是高能量密度锂离子电池中最有前途的正极材料之一.然而,在高截止电压下,它仍然存在不可逆的容量衰减问题.主要原因是高电压加速了六氟磷酸锂与微量水的水解反应,产生副产物,如高腐蚀性HF,导致不稳定的正极-电解液界面和持续的不可逆相变.在这里,我们通过添加钛酸四丁酯和二氟草酸硼酸锂双重添加剂来改善传统的电解液,以形成一个稳定的富含Ti、B和F的界面层,从而消除不利的正极-电解液副反应并抑制有害相变.此外,钛酸四丁酯可以通过去除H_(2)O/HF来稳定电解液.在双重添加剂的协同作用下,NCM811在高电压下的循环稳定性得到明显增强.采用双添加剂的Li||NCM811电池在1 C和4.5 V的高截止电压下循环200次后具有86%的高容量保持率.该方法为设计锂离子电池的高电压电解液提供了参考.

摘要：Water soluble core has been widely used in manufacturing complex metal components with hollow configurations or internal channels;however,the soluble core can absorb water easily from the air at room *** improve the humidity resistance of the water soluble core and optimize the process parameters applied in manufacturing of the water soluble core,a precipitation method and a two-level-three-full factorial central composite design were used,*** properties of the cores treated by the precipitation method were compared with that without any *** a systematical study by means of both an environmental scanning electron microscope(ESEM) and an energy dispersive X-ray(EDX) analyzer,the results indicate that the hygroscopicity can be reduced by 20% and the obtained optimal process conditions for three critical control factors affecting the hygroscopicity are 0.2 g·mL-1 calcium chloride concentration,4% water concentration and 0 min ignition *** porous surface coated by calcium chloride and the high humidity resistance products generated in the precipitation reaction between calcium chloride and potassium carbonate may contribute to the lower hygroscopicity.

摘要：电解质被广泛认为是锂氧气电池中的关键成分,因为它极大地影响电池的充放电反应动力学和可逆性.本文提出了1,3-二甲基咪唑啉酮(DMI)作为一种极好的电解液溶剂用于锂氧气电池中,该溶剂与传统的醚类和砜类溶剂相比,对过氧化锂(Li_(2)O_(2))和碳酸锂(Li_(2)CO_(3))具有较高的溶解度,该性质不仅可抑制电池在放电时的正极钝化,同时可促进充电过程中的液相氧化还原反应,降低电池的过电位以及提高电池的循环性能.尽管DMI溶剂在正极方面具有多种优势,但DMI对金属锂负极不稳定.为此,本文开发了一种在金属锂表面构筑人工固态电解质膜(SEI)作为保护膜阻止锂表面副反应的方法.通过有机氟化试剂与金属锂反应得到的电解质膜由高离子电导性的Li_(x)BO_(y), LiF, Li_(x)NO_(y), Li_(3)N颗粒及一些有机物构成,其中Li_(x)BO_(y)作为耦联剂可提高该膜的机械强度.有了这层保护膜之后,在DMI电解液中,锂沉积/剥离的库伦效率可从20%提高至98.5%,同时,组装的锂氧气电池在限容条件下进行循环,循环寿命长达205圈,几乎是二甲基亚砜(DMSO)或四乙二醇二甲醚(TEGDME)体系中的5倍.研究表明,分子极性和离子溶剂化结构是设计高性能锂-氧气电池电解质时要考虑的主要问题,而耦联的人工SEI可有效提高负极的稳定性.

摘要：隧穿异质结因其先进的光学灵敏度、可定制的探测范围以及均衡的光电性能而正逐渐成为一种光电探测的通用体系结构.但是,现有的隧穿异质结主要在可见光波段工作,很少能实现近红外光探测.本文利用具有互补带隙的WSe2和Bi2Se3(1.46和0.3 eV)设计了一种能同时实现高性能可见和近红外光探测的新型裂隙隧穿异质结.由于能带结构的重新排列,WSe2/Bi2Se3异质结构展现出了低于pA量级的暗电流和以隧穿为主的光电流.我们设计的隧穿异质结对532 nm可见光和1456 nm近红外光的比探测度高达7.9×1012和2.2×1010Jones.本研究为构建用于高性能宽带光探测的范德瓦尔斯隧穿异质结构提供了一种新的带结构工程途径.

摘要：电解水反应包括析氢和析氧反应.相对于2电子转移的析氢反应,4电子转移的析氧反应比较缓慢.因此,理解析氧反应机制有助于设计高效电催化剂.其中析氧反应机制可以分为传统吸附机制和直接氧析出机制.在本文中,我们将蜂窝状Ni_(3)N-Co_(3)N生长在碳布上来调研其直接氧析出机制.密度泛函理论和原位拉曼证明了Ni_(3)N-Co_(3)N在反应过程中是直接氧析出机制,其中Ni_(3)N和Co_(3)N共同拉拽OH^(-)、劈裂H-O和吸附另外的OH^(-)基团,从而降低了反应活化能.不仅如此,蜂窝状结构和导电基体有助于结构稳定和提高氧气释放速率.因此,Ni_(3)N-Co_(3)N/CC在10和100 mA cm^(-2)电流密度下提供了320和495 mV的小过电势.同时,它也拥有更好的长期稳定性.

摘要：Induction heating of steel in continuous casting/rolling process is an important means to reduce energy consumption, decrease cost and improve efficiency, thus becoming an attractive research direction. A mathematical model with Finite Difference Method （FDM） was developed to describe the electromagnetic field and predict the temperature distribution in the steel slab for the whole induction heating process. To validate feasibility of the model, computational results were compared with the ANSYS simulation results. According to the comparing results, the temperature distributions of the slab cast under different technical parameters were investigated, which may provide useful information to optimize the parameters of technology in heating process.

摘要：The platform consists of three administers the infrastructure of the whole platform; layers： the management service layer the integration service layer provides the core integration functions and the user service layer satisfies the enterprise integration demands. For the purpose of accommodating the characteristics of mold making companies, an event-driven enterprise service bus working as the heart of the platform is realized. A prototype system combining Web services, Business Process Execution Language （BPEL） and Web Ontology Language （OWL） is implemented. The clients and suppliers and the applications of mold making company are integrated in a loosely-coupled way through the services provided by the platform. Meanwhile the sharing of data and knowledge, and the coordination of business process are realized. By adopting the platform, a new approach is provided to solve the problem of design and manufacture integration for intra and inter mold making companies.

摘要：A job shop scheduling problem with a combination processing in complex production environment is proposed. Based on the defining of ＂non-elastic combination processing relativity＂ and ＂virtual process＂, the problem can be simplified and transformed to a traditional one. On the basis of the dispatching rules select engine and considered factors of complex production environment, a heuristic method is designed. The algorithm has been applied to a mould enterprise in Shenzhen for half a year. The practice showed that by using the method suggested the number of delayed orders was decreased about 20% and the productivity was increased by 10 to 20%.