摘要：多硫离子穿梭和锂枝晶生长严重阻碍了锂硫电池的实际应用进程,而合理的隔膜结构可以达到一石二鸟的作用.本工作设计了一种携带有分散性TiN/CoO颗粒的氮掺杂碳纳米管结构(TCCNT),并将其用于锂硫电池隔膜修饰层.TCCNT的多孔结构和表面/内部携带的TiN/CoO颗粒不但实现了对多硫化物的物理、化学吸附和快速催化转化作用,其高导电性的空腔结构和亲锂作用还能够均化锂离子流,在5 mA cm^(-2)的电流密度下实现长达2000 h的均匀锂沉积/剥离过程.TCCNT合理的结构设计有利于各材料组分之间最大限度地发挥协同效应.采用改性隔膜所组装的锂硫电池在常规和高硫载量两种情况下均表现出较好的电化学性能,表明其具有一定的实际应用潜力.

摘要：To satisfy the mechanical and biological requirement of porous bone substitutes, porous Ti with two different pore sizes designed in advance was fabricated by the space-holder sintering process. Mechanical properties of the porous Ti were explored via room temperature compressive~tests. The pore sizes and shapes are uniform throughout the specimens with porosities ranging from 36% to 63%. The compression strength and the elastic modulus are in the range from 94.05 to 468.57 MPa and 2.662 to 18 GPa, respectively. It is worth noting that the relationship between the compressive strength and the porosities is completely linear relation beyond the effect of pore size distributions on the mechanical properties. The value of the constant C achieved from the Gibson-Ashby model suggests that the pore sizes affect the yield strength of the porous Ti and the values of density exponent ( n ) for porous Ti with two different pore sizes are higher than 2, which suggests that the deformation mode of the porous Ti with a porosity ranging from 36% to 63% is mainly buckling of the cell struts.

摘要：This article delivers a robust overview of potential electrode materials for use in symmetrical solid oxide fuel cells(S-SOFCs),a relatively new SOFC *** this end,this article provides a comprehensive review of recent advances and progress in electrode materials for S-SOFC,discussing both the selection of materials and the challenges that come with making that *** article discussed the relevant factors involved in developing electrodes with nano/***,e.g.,non-cobalt and lithiated materials,are only a few of the electrode types now being ***,the phase structure and microstructure of the produced materials are heavily influenced by the synthesis *** into the possibilities and difficulties of the material are *** achieve the desired microstructural features,this article focuses on a synthesis technique that is either the most recent or a better iteration of an existing *** portion of this analysis that addresses the risks associated with manufacturing and the challenges posed by materials when fabricating S-SOFCs is the most *** article also provides important and useful recommendations for the strategic design of electrode materials researchers.

摘要：二维过渡金属碳化物(MXenes)对含氧中间产物的吸附能垒高,使得MXenes对产氧反应(OER)的活性差,因此阻碍着其在高性能水分解和燃料电池中的应用.本文中,我们发现引入零维石墨烯量子点(GQDs)的M_(n)X_(n-1)O_(2)@GQDs的OER活性具有明显的pH依赖性,且其相关性可通过石墨烯量子点来进行调控,^(18)O同位素标记-飞行时间二次离子质谱分析表明GQDs的引入显著提升了晶格氧参与OER的程度,证明了M_(n)X_(n-1)O_(2)MXenes的晶格氧可以被GQDs激活.在晶格氧被激活的情况下,M_(n)X_(n-1)O_(2)@GQDs的电催化OER动力学过程则由传统的吸附演变机制转变为晶格氧机制.在10 mA cm^(-2)的基准电流密度下,所制备的0D/2D Ti_(3)C_(2)O_(2)@GQDs异质结构的过电位被大幅降低至390 mV(纯Ti_(3)C_(2)O_(2)高达530 mV).进一步通过优化厚度和导电基底,在10 mA cm^(-2)电流密度下的过电位可被降低到250 mV,塔菲尔斜率被抑制到39 mV dec^(-1),该结果优于目前最先进的MXenes基OER催化剂和商用贵金属催化剂.本工作将晶格氧机制的应用范围从钙钛矿扩展到MXenes,也为提升M_(n)X_(n-1)O_(2)的OER活性提供了一种全新策略,对MXenes的材料设计和电催化机理的深入理解都有积极意义.

摘要：手性配体不仅可以赋予纳米探针独特的物化性质,而且会影响其生物学行为.因此,明确手性在纳米-生物界面的独特作用对其生物医学应用具有重要的科学意义.本文首次合成了手性的近红外二区荧光Ag_(2)S量子点,并结合多种分析技术系统探究了其生物学效应.研究结果表明,Ag_(2)S量子点与蛋白质和细胞的相互作用以及活体水平的代谢行为均表现出显著的手性依赖性,而且D-Ag_(2)S量子点还呈现出对肾肿瘤的靶向富集的特性.本文的研究结果有助于进一步理解纳米-生物界面的手性效应,并为发展新型肿瘤靶向探针提供了新颖的设计思路.

摘要：Computational diffusion kinetics(CDK),with a spirit of and being coupled with the computational thermodynamics(CT,or called as the CALPHAD technique),plays increasingly important role in the alloy design/optimization and microstructure control during the processing of advanced metallic *** paper is to highlight recent progress of CDK in research with great focus on novel Ti and Zr alloys,which was largely performed in the authors’*** ends with one representative example of the applications of CDK,coupled with CT,quantitative phase field,and three-dimensional(3D)statistical calculation,in designing the heattreatment schedule for the dual phase(αβ)Ti–6Al–4V alloys.