摘要：Polycaprolactone(PCL)scaffolds that are produced through additive manufacturing are one of the most researched bone tissue engineering structures in the *** to the intrinsic limitations of PCL,carbon nanomaterials are often investigated to reinforce the PCL *** several studies that have been conducted on carbon nanomaterials,such as graphene(G)and graphene oxide(GO),certain challenges remain in terms of the precise design of the biological and nonbiological properties of the *** paper addresses this limitation by investigating both the nonbiological(element composition,surface,degradation,and thermal and mechanical properties)and biological characteristics of carbon nanomaterial-reinforced PCL scaffolds for bone tissue engineering *** showed that the incorporation of G and GO increased surface properties(reduced modulus and wettability),material crystallinity,crystallization temperature,and degradation ***,the variations in compressive modulus,strength,surface hardness,and cell metabolic activity strongly depended on the type of ***,a series of phenomenological models were developed based on experimental results to describe the variations of scaffold’s weight,fiber diameter,porosity,and mechanical properties as functions of degradation time and carbon nanomaterial *** results presented in this paper enable the design of three-dimensional(3D)bone scaffolds with tuned properties by adjusting the type and concentration of different functional fillers.

摘要：Bone cancer is a critical health problem on a global scale,and the associated huge clinical and economic burdens are still *** many clinical approaches are currently used for bone cancer treatment,these methods usually affect the normal body functions and thus present significant ***,advanced materials and additive manufacturing have opened up promising avenues for the development of new strategies targeting both bone cancer treatment and post-treatment bone *** paper presents a comprehensive review of bone cancer and its current treatment methods,particularly focusing on a number of advanced strategies such as scaffolds based on advanced functional materials,drug-loaded scaffolds,and scaffolds for photothermal/magnetothermal ***,the main research challenges and future perspectives are elaborated.

摘要：Non-precious electro catalysts with high-efficiency, cheapness and stablility are of great significance to replace noble metal electro catalysts in the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER) and oxygen evolution reaction(OER). In this work, triangular Cu@CuO nanorods on Cu nanosheets were fabricated by a novel in-situ oxidation approach using Cu nanosheets as self-template and conductive nano-substrate in an aqueous solution of NaOH/H2O2, and then by lowtemperature phosphorization treatments. The experimental results show that the phosphating temperature has a significant effect on the morphology, composition and number of active sites of Cu@Cu_(3)P nanorods. The Cu@Cu_(3)P-280 electrode exhibits a good HER catalytic activity of achieving a current density of 10 mA/cm^(2) at 252 mV in acid electrolyte. After catalysis for 14 h, the current density can still reach 72% of the initial value. Moreover, the Cu@Cu_(3)P-280 electrode also shows an excellent OER catalytic activity in basic electrolyte, reaching a current density of 10 mA/cm^(2) at the overpotential value of 200 mV. After catalysis for 12 h, the current density remained more than 93% of the initial value. This work provides a theoretical basis for the directional design and preparation of sustainable, low-cost, bifunctional electrocatalytic materials.

摘要：With the development of nanobiotechnology,the carbon nanotubes(CNTs)and protein hybrids system has attracted an increasing attention for great potential application in nanotechnology,medicine,smart materials,light industry,and *** this review,the main preparation processes,impact factors,measurement of interactions and potential applications of CNTs/protein are presented from the aspect of ***,the proper forces detection methods are illustrated comprehensively to complete the quantitative *** force microscope(AFM)and surface force apparatus(SFA)experiments are described in detail to confirm the powerful function in measuring the interaction *** addition,the impact of different protein structures(amino acid residues,αHelix,polypeptide chain,and assembled subunits)on interactions between CNTs and protein is presented and different amino acid residues may intervene largely on *** to the relatively little knowledge about the structure,function,and spatial orientation of proteins interaction with CNTs surface,we assume that the key problem is how to prepare CNTs and protein specimen with unique structure(such as the variation of secondary and tridimensional structure of protein or the single CNTs)to investigate the interaction forces instead of the designed,preparation,and detection methods.

摘要：Additive manufacturing(AM)has revolutionized the design and manufacturing of patient-specific,three-dimensional(3D),complex porous structures known as scaffolds for tissue engineering *** use of advanced image acquisition techniques,image processing,and computer-aided design methods has enabled the precise design and additive manufacturing of anatomically correct and patient-specific implants and ***,these sophisticated techniques can be timeconsuming,labor-intensive,and ***,the necessary imaging and manufacturing equipment may not be readily available when urgent treatment is needed for trauma *** this study,a novel design and AM methods are proposed for the development of modular and customizable scaffold blocks that can be adapted to fit the bone defect area of a *** modular scaffold blocks can be combined to quickly form any patient-specific scaffold directly from two-dimensional(2D)medical images when the surgeon lacks access to a 3D printer or cannot wait for lengthy 3D imaging,modeling,and 3D printing during *** proposed method begins with developing a bone surface-modeling algorithm that reconstructs a model of the patient’s bone from 2D medical image measurements without the need for expensive 3D medical imaging or *** algorithm can generate both patient-specific and average bone ***,a biomimetic continuous path planning method is developed for the additive manufacturing of scaffolds,allowing porous scaffold blocks with the desired biomechanical properties to be manufactured directly from 2D data or *** algorithms are implemented,and the designed scaffold blocks are 3D printed using an extrusion-based AM *** and instructions are also provided to assist surgeons in assembling scaffold blocks for the self-repair of patient-specific large bone defects.