摘要：背景/目的:世界卫生大会建议应减少儿童暴露于不健康食物的几率。营养素度量法模型被用于定义儿童食品是否健康,并作为规范和限制广告的依据。但是,营养素度量法有几十种模型,这些模型的一致性目前还不明确。本研究的目的是测量8种营养素度量法的一致性,这8种营养素度量法都被用于规范儿童食物广告,如多少量和什么样的食物能够允许在电视台播放广告给儿童。材料/方法:收集2008年英国的儿童食品商业电视广告代表数据。该数据包括11763条广告336种不同的产品或品牌。此外,还通过公司网站、食品包装和食物成分表获得营养素数据,计算不同营养素度量法模型的评分。结果:不同营养素度量法模型允许的商业广告的比例从2.1%(0.4%,3.7%)至47.4%(42.1%,52.6%)。模型之间两两比较的一致性Kappa系数有一半都低于0.2,表明模型之间的一致性较差。结论:政策制定者在规范和管理儿童食品广告时,应慎重选用营养素度量法模型。

摘要：废轮胎热解油(Tire Pyrolysis Oil,TPO)是废旧轮胎热解的副产物。TPO的化学成分与常用沥青再生剂芳香烃类油的化学成分相似,使得TPO能够用作废旧沥青混合料(Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement,RAP)的再生剂,并能恢复RAP的技术性能。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪对再生沥青胶结料的化学结构进行了研究,揭示了TPO冷再生沥青混合料的再生机理。采用马歇尔设计方法明确了TPO冷再生沥青混合料的材料组成。研究了TPO的掺量、预活化时间和环氧树脂掺量对再生沥青混合料路用性能的影响规律。研究结果表明:TPO可以软化老化沥青、降低其黏度、重新平衡RAP表面的老化沥青的化学成分和恢复老化沥青的技术性能,但仅用TPO再生的再生沥青混合料的力学性能较差,掺入低剂量的环氧树脂在沥青混合料内部起到了结构补强的作用,极大地提高了TPO再生沥青混合料的各项性能。

摘要：Similarity measure construction has been proposed as fault detection of flight test method in order to obtain the primary control surface stuck and the combination stuck of primary *** measures were obtained through analyzing the certainty and uncertainty of fuzzy membership functions,which were designed based on well-known Hamming *** was applied to the fault detection of primary control surface stuck of uninhabited aerial vehicle(UAV).At post-failure control surface,if the UAV is controllable and trimmable using other control surfaces,the UAV is able to fly or return to the safety region through reconfiguration of flight control *** detect the fault,similarity measure computations were carried *** result could be applicable with the real-time parameter estimation *** monitoring the value of coefficients due to the control surface deviation,it becomes aware that the control surface fault occurs or *** control surface stuck position and value were separated by comparing the trim value with the reference *** is the advantage of increasing in reliability without adding sensors or with additional low cost.

摘要：Information analysis of high dimensional data was carried out through similarity measure application. High dimensional data were considered as the a typical structure. Additionally, overlapped and non-overlapped data were introduced, and similarity measure analysis was also illustrated and compared with conventional similarity measure. As a result, overlapped data comparison was possible to present similarity with conventional similarity measure. Non-overlapped data similarity analysis provided the clue to solve the similarity of high dimensional data. Considering high dimensional data analysis was designed with consideration of neighborhoods information. Conservative and strict solutions were proposed. Proposed similarity measure was applied to express financial fraud among multi dimensional datasets. In illustrative example, financial fraud similarity with respect to age, gender, qualification and job was presented. And with the proposed similarity measure, high dimensional personal data were calculated to evaluate how similar to the financial fraud. Calculation results show that the actual fraud has rather high similarity measure compared to the average, from minimal 0.0609 to maximal 0.1667.

摘要：Similarity measure design on non-overlapped data was carried out and compared with the case of overlapped *** feature of similarity on overlapped data to non-overlapped data was provided by *** the artificial data illustration,it was proved that the conventional similarity measure was not proper to calculate the similarity measure of the non-overlapped *** overcome the unbalance problem,similarity measure on non-overlapped data was obtained by considering neighbor ***,different approaches to design similarity measure were proposed and proved by consideration of neighbor *** the example of artificial data,similarity measure calculation was carried *** measure extension to intuitionistic fuzzy sets(IFSs)containing uncertainty named hesitance was also followed.

摘要：The problem of designing a digital frontend (DFE) was considered which can dynamically access or sense dual bands in any radio frequency (RF) regions without requiring hardware changes. In particular, second-order bandpass sampling (BPS) as a technique that enables to realize the multiband reception function was discussed. In a second-order BPS system, digital reconstruction filters were utilized to eliminate the interferences generated while down converting arbitrarily positioned RF-band signals by using the direct digitization method. However, the inaccuracy in the phase shift or the amplitude mismatch between the two sample streams may cause insufficient rejection of interference. Practical problems were studied, such as performance degradation in signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) and compensation methods to overcome them. In order to demonstrate the second- order BPS as a flexible DFE suitable for software-defined radio (SDR) or cognitive radio (CR), a DFE testbed with a reconfigurable structure was implemented. Moreover, with a view to further demonstrate the proposed compensation algorithms, experimental results show that dual bands are received simultaneously.

摘要：Similarity measure design for discrete data group was proposed. Similarity measure design for continuous membership function was also carried out. Proposed similarity measures were designed based on fuzzy number and distance measure, and were proved. To calculate the degree of similarity of discrete data, relative degree between data and total distribution was obtained. Discrete data similarity measure was completed with combination of mentioned relative degrees. Power interconnected system with multi characteristics was considered to apply discrete similarity measure. Naturally, similarity measure was extended to multi-dimensional similarity measure case, and applied to bus clustering problem.

摘要：This paper aims to explore the stages and processes of building up inter-firm trust in different national culture contexts. This is because the manufacturing system has increasing extents increasingly toward internationally network and inter-firm collaboration. Trust and commitment become important in inter-firm relationship. The way of building up trust varies from companies to companies, since it is impacted greatly by cultures and values. To investigate the details of trust, case studies, which used in animation game industry—-an emerging industry based on project management and collaboration, were chosen. The research addresses activities in three stages—-trust formation, trust development, and trust continuation. Characteristics and functionality of four types of trust—-"competence, reliability, goodwill and loyalty" are demonstrated from practice perspective through case studies, which is further linked with culture dimensionswith a framework model. The paper also raises some new research questions and themes for further research.

摘要：The book under review presents a comprehensive investigation into Metaphor theories from perspectives of embodied cognition and *** sketching dimensions and dynamics of contemporary metaphor theories in the first part,it presents and evaluates metaphor in cognition by analyzing sources and target of the primary metaphor theory,the hierarchical structure of mental metaphors,metaphorical directionality and body schema in metaphorical *** of sign systems,modalities,contextualized discourse interaction patterns,embodied metonymy are included in the third *** metaphor in discourse in detailed research with multiple related topics is in the fourth *** embodied and discourse views of metaphor are highlighted in the epilogue,and it points out that one’s preferred level of analysis argues against the relevance of other perspectives on metaphor performance by using different methods.

摘要：为研究氯盐侵蚀对钢-玄武岩纤维复合筋(steel-basalt FRP composite bar,B-SFCB)混凝土梁受弯性能的影响,对经氯化钠溶液侵蚀作用后4种不同筋材(钢筋、BFRP筋和2种不同B-SFCBs)受拉性能和5组混凝土梁(钢筋和BFRP筋混凝土梁各1组、B-SFCB混凝土梁3组)受弯性能进行试验研究。分析应力水平和侵蚀时间对B-SFCB受拉性能及B-SFCB混凝土梁受弯承载力、变形、裂缝和破坏形态的影响。结果表明:各筋材抗拉强度随侵蚀时间增加而逐渐下降,无应力侵蚀180 d后,钢筋、B-SFCB和BFRP筋抗拉强度最大分别下降了12%、10%和4%;应力与氯盐侵蚀耦合作用后B-SFCB与BFRP筋的抗拉强度保留率低于无应力侵蚀筋材的;B-SFCB屈服后,混凝土梁仍具有稳定的抗弯刚度,其屈服荷载随筋材截面含钢率的提高而增大;侵蚀时间对无应力侵蚀混凝土梁荷载-挠度曲线影响较小,但对应力与侵蚀耦合作用梁荷载-挠度曲线影响较大,且随侵蚀时间增加而明显;荷载-裂缝宽度曲线变化趋势与荷载-挠度曲线基本一致。基于简化的材料本构模型和基本假定,定义了B-SFCB混凝土梁正截面受弯3种破坏形态并给出了其判别方法,建立了承载力简化计算式。借鉴美国ACI 440和中国GB 50010—2010规范,建立了B-SFCB混凝土梁刚度和裂缝宽度计算式,承载力、变形和裂缝宽度计算值与实测值吻合良好,可供工程设计参考。