摘要：An expansion procedure to design partially decentralized controllers via model predictive control is proposed in this paper. Partially decentralized control is a control structure that lies between a fully decentralized structure and a fully centralized one, and has the advantage of achieving comparable performance as a fully centralized controller but with simpler structure. The proposed method follows the expansion method proposed in a previous paper where internal model control (IMC) was used to design controllers for non-square subsystems. The method requires computing the pseudo-inverse of a non-square matrix via pseudo-inverse factors. Instead, the proposed method uses dynamic matrix control (DMC) to design PID controllers for non-square subsystems without using additional factors. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated on several chemical examples. Simulation results show that the proposed method is simple and can achieve better performance.

摘要：A new superstructure model of heat exchanger networks (HEN) with stream splits based on rangers of streams supply temperatures and heat capacity flow rates is presented. The simultaneous optimal mathematical model of flexible HEN synthesis is established too. Firstly, the streams with rangers of supply temperatures and/or the streams with the rangers of heat capacity flow rates are pretreated; Secondly, several rules are proposed to establish the superstructure model of HEN with splits and the simultaneous optimal mathematical model of flexible HEN; Thirdly, the improving genetic algorithm is applied to solve the mathematical model established at the second step effectively, and the original optimal structure of HEN based on the maximum operation limiting condition can be obtained easily; Finally, the rules of heat exchange unit merged and the heat load of heat exchanger relaxed are presented, the flexible configuration of HEN satisfied the operation condition between the upper and down bounds of supply temperature and heat capacity flow rates can be obtained based on the original optimal structure of HEN by means of these rules. A case study demonstrates the method presented in this paper is

摘要：为解决高温部件的散热问题,流动沸腾技术被广泛应用于大功率设备热管理领域,采用多孔涂层和多孔材料可以进一步提高换热效果.与通道中的沸腾过程不同,由于孔隙-喉道结构复杂、流体流动方向随机性大,多孔结构内气固液三相作用规律尚不明确,换热面存在液体蒸干、壁温飞升、材料烧毁等风险.为深入研究微多孔结构内部流动沸腾传热性能,本文搭建了微观模型可视化实验系统,以揭示多孔介质内束缚水的运移机理,并量化相变过程中束缚水的运输形式及其对流动沸腾的影响规律.利用激光诱导荧光和粒子追踪技术获得了液膜在多孔骨架表面的运动速度.通过理论分析,作者发现薄液膜流动受到相邻两液桥间毛细压力差驱动,且毛细效应引起的液桥和薄液膜流动对冷却液向受热表面的输送起着重要作用.进而作者提出了一种孔喉尺寸在10~90μm的不规则多孔结构.该结构实现了传热系数5%~10%的提高,同时压降降低了5%~23%,有助于维持冷却系统高效稳定运行,为多孔材料强化流动沸腾表面结构的设计提供了重要参考.

摘要：An all-optical 2-to-4 decoder unit with the assist of terahertz optical asymmetric demultiplexer (TOAD) is presented. The all-optical 2-to-4 decoder with a set of all-optical switches is designed which can be used to achieve a high-speed central processor unit using optical hardware. The unique output lines can be used for all-optical header processing. We attempt to develop an integrated all-optical circuit which can perform decoding of signal. This scheme is very simple and flexible for performing different logic operation and to design advanced complex logic. Simulated results are confirming the described methods.

摘要：锂离子电容器继承了超级电容器高功率性能和锂离子电池高能量密度两者的优点.然而,高电化学性能电极材料的短缺以及正负电极材料动力学的不匹配是构筑高能量/高功率密度锂离子电池遇到的最大挑战.我们通过简单的溶液组装和煅烧法得到了具有核壳结构的Fe3O4@NC复合材料.首先,研究了不同热解温度得到的Fe3O4@NC样品的储锂性能.结构单元纳米化和丰富的微孔使得Fe3O4@NC-700具有大比表面积,同时暴露出更多的活性位点,缩短了离子传输路径,表现出特殊的赝电容行为,从而显著提高了储锂动力学.除此之外,N-掺杂的碳壳提供了较高的电子导电性并保证了在循环测试中的结构完整性.以Fe3O4@NC-700为负极,膨胀石墨烯EGN为正极,1 mol L^-1Li PF6为电解液,组装成锂离子电容器.受益于正负电极相配的动力学以及Fe3O4@NC-700和EGN两者的协同优势,Fe3O4@NC-700//EGN杂化离子电容器获得了较宽的工作电压窗口(1.0–4.5 V),比能量最高可达137 W h kg^-1,比功率最高可达8.2 k W kg^-1,且循环稳定性出色.本工作可为下一代兼具高比能量和高比功率的新型混合能源存储系统的设计提供启示.

摘要：In this paper, detailed optical of the solar parabolic dish concentrator is presented. The system has diameter D = 2,800 mm and focal length f = 1,400 mm. The efficient conversion of solar radiation in heat at these temperature levels requires a use of concentrating solar collectors. In this paper, detailed optical design of the solar parabolic dish concentrator is presented. The parabolic dish of the solar system consists from 12 curvilinear trapezoidal reflective petals. This paper presents optical simulations of the parabolic solar concentrator unit using the ray-tracing software TracePro. The total flux on receiver and the distribution of irradiance for absorbed flux on center and periphery receiver are given. The total flux at the focal region is 4,031.3 W. The goal of this paper is to present optical design of a low-tech solar concentrator, that can be used as a potentially low-cost tool for laboratory-scale research on the medium-temperature thermal processes, cooling, industrial processes, solar cooking and polygeneration systems, etc.