摘要：Caregivers,i.e.,parents,grandparents,and anyone caring for children,make up the majority of users in many urban centers around the world,including in *** urban design and planning rarely consider specific needs of *** can result in a negative perception among people that cities are unfriendly places to raise *** negative perception is among the major contributors to the aging population problem,as parents and parents-to-be feel reluctant to give birth and raise more than one or even any *** an interdisciplinary approach,i.e.,cognitive science,psychology,behavioral economics,and urban studies,this paper examines a new city model of"parent-friendly city,"where urban design serves the needs of caregivers,effectively creating a perception that cities are friendly places for raising ***,we identify that caregivers'needs are characterized by two major factors:provision:parents want to provide for their children,such as providing places for play and learning,and@restoration:parents want to restore things that they lack due to childcare responsibilities,such as lack of rest and interaction with other ***,we offer cognitive-based design principles that can work powerfully and effectively to fll both ***,using real case studies from cities in China and around the world,we illustrate how these design principles work,even reversing caregivers'perception from negative to ***,thoughtful urban design can support parents in raising children,making cities into partners in parenthood.