摘要：Ecosystems in China have been absorbing anthropogenic CO2 over the last three decades. Here, we assess future carbon uptake in China using models from phase 5 of Coupled Model Intercomparison Project under four socio-economic scenarios. The average of China's carbon sink from 2006 to 2100 represented by multimodel mean net ecosystem production(NEP) is projected to increase(relative to averaged NEP from 1976 to 2005) in the range of 0.137 and 0.891 Pg C a-1across differentscenarios. Increases in NEP are driven by increases in net primary production exceeding increases in heterotrophic respiration, and future carbon sink is mainly attributed to areas located in eastern China. However, there exists a considerable model spread in the magnitude of carbon sink and model spread tends to be larger when future climate change becomes more intense. The model spread may result from intermodel discrepancy in the magnitude of CO2 fertilization effect on photosynthesis, soil carbon turnover time, presence of carbon-nitrogen cycle and interpretation of land-use changes. For better quantifying future carbon cycle, a research priority toward improving model representation of these processes is recommended.

摘要：目的在社区75～85岁跌倒及受伤高危风险的女性人群中，评价2年渐进式平衡训练项目对减少受伤性跌倒的效果。设计实用性、多中心、双臂、平行组、随机对照试验。背景法国16个中、大型城市中的20个研究点。参与者706名女性，年龄75—85岁，居住在自己家中，维持平衡及步态的能力减退。这些女性被随机招募至试验干预组（锻炼项目，n=352）或对照组（非干预组，n=354）。