摘要：生物材料表面的物理性质,如拓扑结构,由于其易于加工和稳定的生物作用而受到广泛关注.虽然已有许多研究报道了材料表面拓扑结构与细胞的相互作用,但由于不同研究中使用的微结构和实验环境的多样性,生物材料表面不同微结构与细胞/组织行为之间的影响关系尚未得到很好的统一评价.在本研究中,我们设计了11种图案(三角形、矩形、圆形等),这些图案包含两种类型的形貌(微坑和微柱),这样一共得到22种表面拓扑结构.我们在体外和体内对这些微结构影响细胞和组织的生物作用进行了评估.我们的研究结果表明,由连续微坑形成的凹槽微结构促进细胞迁移效果相比其他微结构更强.其中,由三角形微坑组成的凹槽在体外对细胞迁移的促进作用最强.在大鼠皮下模型中,这种三角形微坑组成的凹槽结构减少了纤维组织的包封,促进了血管的形成.

摘要：The pathogens of most infectious diseases invade the host through mucosal sites,and immunization with mucosal vaccines is the best means of combating these infectious *** delivery and nasal delivery are the most common methods of mucosal ***,the delivery process is inefficient,and mucosal vaccination is ineffective because the vaccine formulation is easily and rapidly removed and has difficulty in crossing the mucosal *** this paper,we investigated whether the mucosal immune response could be enhanced by ultrasound facilitation of nasal mucosal delivery of vaccine *** this purpose,we used manganese dioxide(MnO2)as the vaccine carrier/adjuvant,coated with chitosan oligosaccharide(COS)to enhance mucosal adsorption,and further physically adsorbed model antigen ovalbumin(OVA)to construct a nanoparticulate vaccine formulation MnO2@COS@*** treatment was found to promote antigen delivery and recruitment of dendritic cells(DCs)and macrophages as well as T-cell infiltration in nasal mucosal tissues through nasal mucosal immunization *** ultrasound assistance,MnO2@COS@OVA particles promoted the maturation of DCs in vitro and in vivo and promoted the production of effector memory T cells in vivo and cytokine secretion by splenocytes in *** particular,ultrasound treatment significantly increased the levels of secretory IgA antibodies in the nasal mucosa and genital tract mucosa of experimental *** addition,the experimental data showed that the MnO2@COS@OVA particles had good biocompatibility and caused no significant damage to the nasal mucosal and vital organ *** data suggest that ultrasound treatment can promote the induction of efficient immune responses to mucosal vaccines and provide new ideas for the opening and clinical translation of mucosal vaccines.

摘要：Rotational atherectomy is an effective treatment for severe vascular calcification obstruction,and relies on high-speed grinding(typically 130,000–210,000 r/min)with miniature grinding tools to remove calcified tissue and restore blood ***,reports of intraoperative complications are common because of the grinding force,temperature,and debris directly acting on the body during the grinding process,which can easily cause damage to *** this study,three novel grinding tools were designed and fabricated and a series of experiments have been conducted to analyze the effects of tool geometry and parameters on grinding performance,that is,force,temperature,and specimen surface *** results show that these tools can effectively remove simulated calcified tissue and that they have two motions,rotation and revolution,in the *** higher rotational speeds,grinding force and temperature increase noticeably,while the amount of debris decreases *** addition,by observing the surface morphology of the specimens,we concluded that the material removal rate per unit time is influenced by both rotational speed and tool geometry,and that high rotational speed and a rough tool surface can improve the material removal rate efficiently.

摘要：Transcatheter 大动脉的阀门培植(TAVR ) 与严重大动脉的狭窄和高外科的风险为病人作为一种其他的、很快演变的治疗选择出现了。此后摸破坏复杂并发症主要在 periprocedural 和 30 天的时期追随者 TAVR 正在被限制，与更低、相对经常的频率。早击在过程期间主要由于碎片 embolization，而以后的事件与耐心的特定的因素被联系。尽管临床的击的率常常与起始的 TAVR 经验相比一直在减少，有 MRI 的现代 neuro 成像建议新 ischemic 损害 post-TAVR 是几乎通用的。后者的影响大部分是未知的。然而，他们似乎在 neurocognitive 功能与减小相关。因为 TAVR 被设置扩展它的指示降低外科风险的病人，摸预防在期间并且在 TAVR 以后降临到首要的重要性。基于临床并且 pathophysiological 证据，研究的三根线活跃地向这个方向被采用：在有到有钙化的大动脉的拱门的还原剂操作和接触的一个目的阀门和本国的阀门， antithrombotic 治疗，和插子的保护设备的改进。小心的耐心的选择，过程的设计，和尊重这张易碎的人口的流血风险的定制的 antithrombotic 策略对击追随者 TAVR 组成主要防卫。

摘要：一条修复术的 paravalvular 漏缝(PVL ) 的经皮的闭合是一个挑战性的过程。操作员必须使用为另外的应用构造的设备。我们在场是的一台设备的使用明确地为 PVL 设计了闭合。就我们的知识而言，在报导设备的使用的 MEDLINE 没有出版。

摘要：BackgroundThe 导致了 pluripotent 干细胞(iPSC ) 在心肌的梗塞(MI ) 的细胞的治疗显示出大潜力，当它的申请被 cardiomyocyte 区别的低效率妨碍时。现在的学习被设计从老鼠在 cardiomyocyte 区别上调查 cardiotrophin-1 ( CT-1 )的效果导致的 pluripotent 干细胞( miPSCs )和内在的机制 *** 为从 miPSCs 的 cardiomyocyte 区别的最佳的治疗状况与理想的集中( 10 ng/mL )和持续时间被建立(从到白天的白天 3 14 ) CT-1 管理。说明了胚胎的 cardiogenesis 的心脏的特定的基因的起来调整的表示被量的 RT-PCR 观察。 &#x003b1 的提高的数量；肌浆球蛋白重链( &#x003b1 ；-MHC)和心脏的 troponin 我( cTn 我)积极房间被 immunofluorescence 在显微镜的分析揭示了的 CT-1 *** 电子染色和流动 cytometry 分析检测与 CT-1 对待的房间更好出现了，这组织了 sacromeric 结构和更多线粒体，它是成熟 cardiomyocytes 的词法特征。当与控制 *** 相比调查结果建议 CT-1 能提高 cardiomyocyte 区别以及导致的 pluripotent 干细胞导出的老鼠的成熟，西方的污点证明 CT-1 经由 JAK2/STAT3/Pim-1 小径部分从 miPSCs 支持 cardiomyocyte 区别由调整 JAK2/STAT3/Pim-1signaling 的 cardiomyocytes 小径。

摘要：Biophysical restrictions regulate protein diffusion,nucleus deformation,and cell migration,which are all universal and important processes for cells to perform their biological ***,current technologies addressing these multiscale questions are extremely ***,through two-photon polymerization(TPP),we present the precise,low-cost,and multiscale microstructures(micro-fences)as a versatile investigating *** nanometer-scale printing resolution and multiscale scanning capacity,TPP is capable of generating micro-fences with sizes of 0.5-1000μ*** micro-fences are utilized as biophysical restrictions to determine the fluidity of supported lipid bilayers(SLB),to investigate the restricted diffusion of Src family kinase protein Lck on SLB,and also to reveal the mechanical bending of cell nucleus and T cell climbing *** together,the proposed versatile and low-cost micro-fences have great potential in probing the restricted dynamics of molecules,organelles,and cells to understand the basics of physical biology.

摘要：跟随 transcatheter 的临床的结果上的性的 BackgoundThe 影响大动脉的阀门培植(TAVI ) 在以前的研究是更加差异的。我们试图在我们的 *** 学习调查性的影响是一个有希望地设计的队(从 2008 年 5 月在瑞士 TAVI 队被注册到 2014 年 4 月的在大学医院苏黎世对待的 546 个连续病人) 的回顾的观察分析。学习在大学医院苏黎世发生在大学心中心， *** 性同等地与 51.5 % 被代表(n = 281 ) 是的人口，女性，显著地更老并且有更多读了高血压的历史(P < 0.001 ) 。男性们在另一方面显示出糖尿病的更高的发生(P = 0.004 ) ，冠的动脉疾病(P < 0.001 ) ，长期的妨碍的肺的疾病(P < 0.001 ) 并且要求肾的代替治疗的肾的失败(P = 0.018 ) 。病人们被跟随在上面为一有在一年的百分之百完全的后续的 391 天中部。主要结果(所有原因死亡) 发生在 6.8%(n = 37 ) 并且 15%(n = 82 ) 在 30 天和一年的病人分别地。30天的所有原因死亡结果显著地没在女性(7.5%)和男性(6.0%)之间不同( P = 0.619 )，但是一年所有原因死亡比在女性在男性更显著地发生了(18.7%对11.7%， P < 0.037 )为严重大动脉的狭窄的 .ConclusionAfter TAVI 培植，男性们有更少有利长期(一年)死亡结果比女性。

摘要：BACKGROUND: With the social and economic development and aging, coronary heart disease has become the primary cause of death endangering human life and health, while cardiovascular intervention (especially stenting) in the treatment of cardiovascular disease is at a growing status. OBJECTIVE: To describe the development, research progress and latest clinical application of heart interventional materials as well as advantages and disadvantages of biodegradable stents, and meanwhile to prospect for its future development and improvement. METHODS: A computer-based online search was conducted in PubMed for English language publications from January 1999 to April 2014 using the key words of "stent, scaffold, bioabsorbable, bioresorbable, biodegradable, biocompatibility, material properties" in English. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The new fully biodegradable stents are considered as another major progress in the cardiac intervention, which brings a new gospel for patients with coronary heart disease. In the initial stage of implantation, biodegradable stents exhibit the same mechanical support as bare metal stents; after implantation, anti-proliferative drugs are released to prevent thrombosis and restenosis, and the stent is completely degraded within a specified period, which significantly reduces the late-stage and very late-stage thrombosis and the risk of in-stent restenosis. However, long-term safety and efficacy of biodegradable stents need further studies. Innovation of stent design and materials science is the key to overcome the current shortcomings of biodegradable stents.

摘要：BackgroundFor 长期的心失败(HF ) 的治疗，药理学和非药理学治疗应该在 HF 病人被采用。尽管 HF 在疗养院居民是高度流行的，在为药理学治疗的指南的建议是否也在疗养院居民被跟随，不是清楚的。这研究的目的是调查 HF 怎么在疗养院居民被对待并且决定五所大疗养院的居民基于医药记录与 HF 的以前的诊断在荷兰的南部的部分在乎组织到什么程度，当前的治疗回家对应于到 *** 不问的左室喷射，部分( LVEF )在这代表性的设计研究被包括。数据被聚集在上(医药) 记录治疗，它包括了临床的特征和药理学药理学和非药理学。Echocardiography 被用作学习的部分决定 501 个居民，的 *** 112 在包括有 HF 的诊断。他们中的三分之一个个收到了一个王牌禁止者， 40% 使用了 &#x003b2； -blocker。在 66% ，有有环利尿剂的偏爱的利尿剂的一张药方。与 LVEF &#x02264 集中于居民；40% ，仅仅， 22 个居民中的 46% 个使用了一个王牌禁止者和 64% 一 &#x003b2； -blocker。规定的药的中部的每日的剂量比被指南推荐的那些低。非药理学干预与 *** 居民在几乎没有被记录 HF 的推荐医药治疗经常没被规定；如果规定，剂量在被推荐的下面通常是远的。另外，非药理学干预根本主要没被使用。