摘要：了解外来入侵物种 (alieninvasivespecies ,AIS)的生物学涉及纯生物学及应用生物学的问题。但是靠预先设计的实验来加深人们的了解显然是不可能的。然而我们可以研究现有的入侵 ,这也是一个很好的途径。本文利用新西兰历史上的一些记录 ,探讨了物种在新环境中成功定居的因素。令人惊奇的是 ,物种间的生物学差异对成功的定居几乎没有什么作用 ,相反 ,真正起作用的是一个物种被引入新环境的频率及数量。

摘要：Although human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes(hi PSC-CMs) have been used for disease modeling and drug discovery, clinically relevant three-dimensional(3D) functional myocardial microtissues are lacking. Here, we developed a novel ring-shaped cardiac microtissue comprised of chamber-specific tissues to achieve a geometrically non-orientable ventricular myocardial band, similar to a M?bius loop. The ring-shaped cardiac tissue was constructed of hi PSC-CMs and human cardiac fibroblasts(h CFs) through a facile cellular self-assembly approach. It exhibited basic anatomical structure,positive cardiac troponin T(c Tn T) immunostaining, regular calcium transients, and cardiac-like mechanical strength. The cardiac rings can be self-assembled and scaled up into various sizes with outstanding stability, suggesting their potential for precise therapy, pathophysiological investigation, and large-scale drug screening.

摘要：使用图论方法对基因组尺度代谢网络进行途径搜索是目前途径设计中最常用的方法之一。然而,由于流通代谢物(如H^(+)、H_(2)O、CO_(2)和ATP等)的影响,图论搜索得到的途径在生物学上经常是不可行的。虽然前人提出了一些方法对流通代谢物进行处理,但均存在一些问题,目前还没有标准的处理方法。文中基于流通代谢物在反应中作为转移磷酸等功能基团转移载体的特性,提出了一种对流通代谢物成对处理的方法,并将其按照其在功能基团转移中发挥的作用进行优先级排序,以保证每个反应都有对应的代谢物连接,进而通过程序实现自动化处理。与已有其他方法处理结果的比较表明,这种流通代谢物成对排序处理的方法可以排除掉生物学不可行的途径,从而提高途径搜索的准确性,为利用图论方法进行途径设计和可视化提供更好的支撑。

摘要：本文重点探讨了人们在爱丁堡参与苏格兰凯利舞(Cèilidh dancing)的原因。参与者的背景广泛,这与凯利舞是一种借助舞者的热情和舞蹈教师的策略来吸引新的参与者的社会型舞蹈有关。本研究采用定性研究方法,包括10名受访者(4次个人访谈和2个每组3名参与者的焦点小组)、10次观察、15份在线问卷和53份印刷问卷。数据分析基于访谈记录、田野笔记和问卷调查。研究结果表明:人们参与凯利舞的动机包括了以下信息:社交网络、娱乐、锻炼身体、苏格兰文化、凯利舞灵活的舞蹈形式、现场的苏格兰音乐,以及这种舞蹈的“易操作性”。

摘要：CFD is a ubiquitous technique central to much of computational simulation such as that required by aircraft *** of the Poisson equation occurs frequently in CFD and there are a number of possible approaches one may *** dynamical core of the MONC atmospheric model is one example of CFD which requires the solving of the Poisson equation to determine pressure *** this aspect of the model has been very time consuming and so it is important to consider how we might reduce the runtime *** this paper we survey the different approaches implemented in MONC to perform the pressure *** to take advantage of large scale,modern,HPC machines,we are concerned with the computation and communication behaviour of the available techniques and in this text we focus on direct FFT and indirect iterative *** addition to describing the implementation of these techniques we illustrate on up to 32768 processor cores of a Cray XC30 both the performance and scalability of our *** runtime is not the only measure so we also make some comments around the stability and accuracy of *** result of this work are a number of techniques,optimised for large scale HPC systems,and an understanding of which is most appropriate in different situations.

摘要：This paper introduces a series of approaches in the modelling of composites with complex multiscale structures and *** theory underlying multiscale structures are brought to light and *** can be considerable benefit in the representative application of multiscale modelling techniques to civil aircraft design and this aim of this paper is to provide essential perspectives from several fields of research that may be beneficial to aerospace composites modelling methodologies if applied appropriately.

摘要：Hazard prevention in mission plans requires careful analysis and appropriate tools to support the design of preventive and/or corrective *** is most challenging in systems with large sets of states and complex state *** the case of sociotechnical systems,hazard prevention becomes even more dicult given that the behaviour of human centric components can at best be partially *** the present article we focus on a specic class of sociotechnical systems-namely air spaces containing pilot controlled as well as autonomous aircrafts and introduce the notion of relevant *** also introduce soft institutions as an appropriate basis for analysis,with the aim of addressing relevant *** concept of soft institutions is drawn from specication languages for interaction between agents in multi-agent systems but,in our case,is adapted for use in systems that combine human and automated actors.

摘要：针对一类具有下三角形式的多重时滞非线性系统,研究了基于小波神经网络的自适应控制器设计方案。应用后推(backstepp ing)设计方法在递推的每一步设计一个Lyapunov-Krasovsk ii泛函并在最后一步得出控制u。应用Lyapunov-Krasovskii泛函稳定性定理证明了该控制器能保证闭环系统是半全局最终一致有界的(SGUUB)。仿真实例验证了该控制器的有效性。

摘要：A turbulent round jet at the Reynolds number of 7,290 is simulated by direct numerical simulation to study jet noise source and its propagation.A large domain of 60 diameters in the axial direction,30 diameters in the radial direction,and full 360 degrees is chosen to minimize the effect of boundary *** spatial statistics of the simulated flow and the peak amplitude of acoustic radiation at 45-degree angle agree well with existing literature,confirming the quality of the *** by Ffowcs-Williams and Hawkings equation,acoustic source terms for the far-field sound propagation were identified both in the time and the frequency *** spectra at three respective locations of the potential core,the shear layer,and the ambient indicate that the fluctuation magnitudes are highest in the shear layer,followed by the potential core and the *** turbulent characteristics are isotropic in the potential core and the shear layer,and the ambient exhibits an intermittent behavior.

摘要：A synthetic medium for ethanol production by recombinant xylose-fermenting Zymomonas mobilis was optimized using Plackett-Burman(PB) design and response surface methodology(RSM).The effects of 19 medium components were investigated by PB *** of these components were determined to have significant effects on ethanol *** statistical model was constructed via central composite design(CCD) using five selected variables,including xylose,trisodium citrate,choline chloride,pyridoxine,and *** validity of the developed model was *** ethanol concentration in the optimized medium was 6.7% higher than in the RM *** optimized medium was then simplified to give the final synthetic medium(S2),in which the ethanol concentration was 20.7% higher than in the RM *** and trisodium citrate were the key medium components influencing ethanol production,while calcium pantothenate was the only growth factor required by recombinant *** production and growth response were directly proportional to the logarithm of the concentration of trisodium citrate in the range of 0.1-1.6 g/L.