摘要：Rapidly emerged creative industries receive increasing attention from a variety of disciplines. However, the space features of creative industries and its association with local socio-cultural contexts have not been fully understood, especially at a micro-city level. This study attempts to understand the agglomeration of creative industries in Shanghai from the sociology perspective. For this study, this paper utilizes primarily a questionnaire survey to explain the space features of creative industries in Shanghai. The results indicate an extensive socio-cultural embeddedness of the agglomeration of creative industries in Shanghai. First, strong emphasis on face-to-face contacts by creative professionals makes geographical agglomeration necessary for creative industries. Second, the reason why inner city of Shanghai is popular among creative professionals and enterprises lies in the diversity of cultures and special environment of the former colonial zones of Shanghai. Additionally, highly concentrated dining and entertainment facilities in the central city of Shanghai offer creative workers social networking places and nightlife venues. Third, as the educational attainment of local citizens and the protection of intellectual property are highly stressed by creative professionals, research and design specialized creative industries are more likely located near universities and research institutes.

摘要：In the spatial design fields such as architectural design and urban design, a consensus-building process among a variety of stakeholders like project executors, architects, residents, users, and general citizens is required. New technological developments such as cloud computing and Virtual Design Studios （VDS） enable the creation of virtual meeting systems. This paper proposes an approach towards a synchronous distributed design meeting system. In this paper, in addition to sharing a 3D virtual space for a synchronous distributed type design meeting, we developed a prototype system that enables participants to sketch or make annotations and have discussions as well as add viewpoints to them. We applied these functions to evaluate an architectural design and urban landscape examination. In conclusion, the proposed method was evaluated as being effective and feasible. Yet, it shows a few shortcomings including the fact that simultaneous operation is limited to one client, and more arbitrary shapes should be supported in future versions of the application.

摘要：We describe the footprint and input catalog for bright nights in the LAMOST Pilot Survey, which began in October 2011. Targets are selected from two stripes in the north and south Galactic Cap regions, centered at δ = 29°, with 10° width in declination, covering right ascensions of 135° to 290° and -30° to 30° re- spectively. We selected spectroscopic targets from a combination of the SDSS and 2MASS point source catalogs. The catalog of stars defining the field centers （as re- quired by the Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor at the center of the LAMOST field） consists of all V 〈 8m stars from the Hipparcos catalog. We employ a statistical selection algorithm that assigns priorities to targets based on their positions in mul- tidimensional color/magnitude space. This scheme overemphasizes rare objects and de-emphasizes more populated regions of magnitude and color phase space, while en- suring a smooth, well-understood selection function. A demonstration of plate design is presented based on the Shack-Hartmann star catalog and an input catalog that was generated by our target selection routines.

摘要：The AD 79 eruption of Somma-Vesuvius completely buried the ancient landscape around Pompeii (Italy) to some extent conserving the pre-AD 79 Roman paleosols of the Sarno River plain. To estimate potential post-burial soil developments of these paleosols detailed soil liquid and solid phase analysis were carried out. Firstly, an in-situ soil hydrological monitoring was conducted within a pre-AD 79 paleosol in natural undisturbed stratification. The results show that soil water flow and nutrient transport from the overlying volcanic deposits into the pre-AD 79 paleosol take place. Secondly, to estimate their influence on the paleosol’s mineral soil properties, the solid phase of four pre-AD 79 paleosols and associated modern unburied soils were analysed and compared. By combining the data from the soil liquid and solid phase analysis, potential post-burial changes in the paleosols were estimated. Finally, a rise of the mean groundwater table was determined since AD 79. This distinguishes the Sarno River plain into two different zones of post-burial soil developments: 1) lower altitudes where formerly terrestrial paleosols are now influenced by groundwater dynamics and 2) higher altitudes where the paleosols are still part of the vadose zone and rather influenced by infiltration water or interflow. Thus, the mechanism of potential post-burial soil development being active in the pre-AD 79 paleosols is not uniform for the entire Sarno River plain but strongly depends on the paleotopographic situation.

摘要：目的:基于病例治疗,对气功疗效是否可以用生理测量指标和心理评分量化这一命题进行研究。方法:研究设计为前瞻性干预对照研究。气功组纳入8名儿童,接受为期7周的"白球"气功训练,每周2次,每次30min。对照组纳入8名儿童不接受气功训练。使用针对儿童的"抑郁、焦虑和压力量表"衡量焦虑的主观感受。此外,在研究开始和结束时分别测量两组儿童的唾液中皮质醇水平、心率变化、血压、斜方肌肌电图、反应时间等指标。结果:与对照组比较,气功组在心率指标方面显著降低。虽然在其他指标方面两组之间无显著差异,但是气功组在唾液中皮质醇水平、斜方肌肌电图及血压等指标方面的效应量更大。在焦虑主观感受、唾液中皮质醇水平和心率指标方面,气功组相对较低。结论:"白球"气功可以显著降低学习乐器表演的儿童的心率。基于本研究8/8的样本量,气功也有减轻焦虑和降低血压的作用。对于今后将要开展的量化气功疗效的研究,可以增大样本量,研究其他焦虑感增加的环境下年轻人的情况,设置合理的对照干预措施,解决设盲的问题,测量其他可能会受到气功治疗影响的指标,以及比较气功与其他可以降低焦虑的方法的疗效。

摘要：目的:本研究探讨物理治疗师发生职业倦怠的普遍性,了解气功疗法是否可以有效地缓解这类情况,并为今后更深入的研究提供初步的数据。方法:物理治疗师们在试验前先完成一份人口调查问卷以及职业倦怠问卷,然后选择那些在最重要的量表维度中显示职业倦怠水平最高的物理治疗师分为干预组和对照组。8个干预组成员需完成一个由海德堡中医学院研发的特定的气功介入,另外8个对照组成员则被排在等待名单中。在为期3周的治疗或等待后,再一次对两组人员进行职业倦怠问卷调查,并比较前后两次的结果。结果:对106个物理治疗师(36名男性,70名女性)的职业倦怠问卷结果显示,52人(49%)存在情绪疲劳,36人(33.9%)存在自我感觉丧失,33人(31.2%)成就感降低,而在这33人中有4人(3.8%)存在严重的工作倦怠情绪,29人(27.4%)则处于中等程度倦怠。气功治疗干预组的情绪疲劳分量表的平均值从38.0下降到31.4,而对照组的均值从33.9上升到37.9,两组数据差异具有统计学意义(P =0.023)。气功治疗使自我感觉丧失分量表的平均值从10.8降低到6.8,而在对照组中则从7.3上升到10.6,干预组与对照组之间的差异同样具有统计学意义(P =0.013)。关于成就感的分量表,两组数据之间的差异不明显。结论:气功可以有效改善职业倦怠的症状,此类气功是自我控制工作倦怠感的有效途径。每天仅需2次,每次5min的练习就能取得一定的效果。本次试验的结果也为今后进行更大范围的盲法、对照、随访试验设计奠定了基础。

摘要：目的了解北京地区中老年人群的倍频视野(FDP)异常的患病率及其相关影响因素,并探讨其主要原因。设计人群为基础的横断面研究。研究对象北京地区农村和城市特定区域40岁以上人群4 439人。方法 2001年对上述人群进行详细的眼科检查及问卷调查。视野检查采用FDP C-20-1筛查程序检查,视野缺损标准定为至少1点出现异常。主要指标倍频视野异常率及异常原因。结果4 439人中4 350人(8 617眼)(98.0%)完成FDP及眼底照相等检查。10.6%的眼出现FDP视野缺损。40～49岁人群中,视野缺损主要原因是病理性近视、青光眼、其他视神经疾病及白内障。60～69岁人群,最常见的视野缺损原因依次是白内障、青光眼和病理性近视。70岁以上年龄组最常见的视野缺损原因依次为青光眼、白内障和病理性近视。视野缺损与年龄(P<0.001)、近视度数(P<0.001)、居住地区(P<0.001)、教育程度(P=0.01)、核性白内障分级(P<0.001)及眼压(P<0.001)显著相关。结论病理性近视、白内障、青光眼是40岁以上人群视野缺损的主要原因。

摘要：背景:澳大利亚维多利亚州。目的:对1991年向国家登记处报告的所有活动性结核病病人调查坐失预防良机的原因并检查与病案管理有关预防方面的情况。设计:属描述性调查。对维多利亚州已于1991年报告的231/236例的病案记录进行回顾。对所有病例的既往结核病筛检、预防性治疗、活动性结核病处置以及随访等项记录进行追索。既往筛检的定义是指既往接触者筛检、移民筛检、难民筛检以及结核病健康检查。结果:231例中13人未确诊有结核病。其余的218人中,78％在国外出生,其中约一半在来澳大利亚3年内被诊断有结核病。在218名病人中约一半(97人)可查到结核病既往筛检的某些记录表格。最常见的筛检类型是难民和移民筛检(45/218,21％)其次是结核病健康检查(25/218,12％)以及接触者筛检(15/218,7％)。在有既往筛检记录者中,70％(68/97)当时的筛检为阳性结果。其中,首次筛检确诊为活动性结核病者为5/68,确诊有结核感染者为63/68。后一组中仅5％(3/63)接受过预防性治疗。结论:维多利亚州存在着明显地坐失预防结核病良机的情况,尤其对入境时接受过筛检的国外出生者更是如此。筛检是一项有意义的做法,并在有医学适应征时应进行预防性治疗。

摘要：目的了解北京地区中老年人群局限性视网膜神经纤维层缺损(RNFLD)10年发病率及其危险因素。设计人群为基础的队列研究。研究对象"北京眼病研究"人群,2001年4439人(40岁及以上),2011年复查2695人(存活随访率66.4%)。方法对研究对象进行详细眼科检查及全身检查。通过闪烁比较2001年与2011年的数码眼底像,检测新发的局限性RNFLD。局限性RNFLD定义:后极部视网膜神经纤维出现沿其走行方向的楔形缺损,与盘沿接触或不接触,范围≤以视盘为圆周的60°。Logistic回归分析确定局限性RNFLD危险因素。主要指标局限性RNFLD的10年发病率及危险因素。结果共有78例(90眼)新发生了局限性RNFLD,发病率按人计算为3.3%±0.2%。其中,单眼新发RNFLD 66例,双眼12例。通过Logistic回归分析,局限性RNFLD的10年发病率与脑卒中史和糖尿病视网膜病变相关,OR值分别为2.55(95%CI:1.07-6.11,P=0.035)和5.41(95%CI:1.68-17.41,P=0.005),而与居住地(P=0.078)、眼压(P=0.126)、收缩压(P=0.827)、体质指数(P=0.803)、糖化血红蛋白含量(P=0.559)、高血压病史(P=0.776)及糖尿病史(P=0.600)无关。结论北京地区中老年人群局限性RNFLD 10年发病率为3.3%±0.20%,脑卒中及糖尿病视网膜病变是其主要发病危险因素。(眼科,2014,23:9-12)

摘要：英国桑格研究院的研究人员和他们的合作者们最近发现了帮助阻止前列腺癌、皮肤癌和乳腺癌发育的新基因。这些基因能够与众所周知的肿瘤抑制基因PTEN配合发挥作用，该研究还发现这些基因与人类前列腺肿瘤存在相关性。相关研究结果发表在国际学术期刊Nature Genetics上。该研究揭示了一些参与癌症发育的新途径，这些基因有望成为治疗PTEN突变癌症的新药物靶点。这项研究开发的一些方法也可以用于发现其他协同抑制癌症生长的基因。