摘要：研究目的:基于过程分析技术框架,优化家禽业的废水处理工艺的性能。研究方法:生产商主要关注浊度和污泥容积指数(SVI)这两个响应。首先为每个响应建立移动平均(MA)和移动范围(MR)控制图,并在实验工作中重复两次33全因子设计。基于模糊目标规划建立加权相加模型,并用于确定最佳的因子设置组合。最后,在最佳的因子设置组合条件下,对实验结果进行跟踪确认。重要结论:在絮凝剂为18 mg/L、凝结剂为40.0 mg/L和p H=4.0的最佳工艺条件下,得到的浊度和污泥体积指数的最佳值分别为6.184 NTU和73.21 ml/g。在此条件下得到的浊度和污泥沉降指数能够满足设计要求,它们的过程变异性分别显著下降了41.22%和77.75%,且多重能力指数从1.95显著增加至10.6。这表明此过程可行性很高。总之,加权相加模型是一种用于优化多个响应流程性能的有效技术,并且可以考虑工程师的首选设置流程。

摘要：Objective To understand the perceptions of pregnant jordanian women who received antenatal care via mobile clinic,and to contribute new insights into the experiences of these mothers and how they evaluated the services that were *** Ten jordanian mothers who had received antenatal care at a mobile clinic discussed their experiences in semi-structured,audiotaped interviews in a study that adopted a qualitative research *** analysis was done using interpretative phenomenological *** Three main themes were identified:Being informed about the medical campaign or missing the opportunity of being informed;The experience of receiving antenatal care was wonderful,although there was only one thing lacking;and they safeguard our life and take any opportunity to educate *** Data indicate that the mothers were largely satisfied with most facets of the antenatal care services they had received at the mobile ***,while services are generally well received,there are clear opportunities for ameliorating the quality of services *** mothers living in remote,deprived areas,outreach is not just an‘optional extra’but rather an essential service.

摘要：Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate oncology nurses' knowledge and compliance with oral mucositis (OM) management ***: A cross-sectional design with a nonparticipant observation approach was *** phase Ⅰ,a cross-sectional convenience sample (n =140) of oncology nurses completed the knowledge *** phase Ⅱ,a random sample (n =20) of oncology nurses from participants in phase I was observed during their ***: Fifty-seven (40.7%) of the participants had an unsatisfactory level of *** of them had knowledge deficits regarding pathology,OM definition,assessment,scoring,treatment,and patient education and advice.A significant difference existed among nurses with diploma,bachelor,and postgraduate degrees as determined by one-way ANOVA (P =0.001).There were no significant difference between average scores of male and female nurses were higher than those of nurses (P=0.45).No significant difference was observed among knowledge scores of nurses with different job titles (P =0.51).The average score of male nurses in terms of skill performance was higher than that of female nurses (29.20 ± 2.10 vs 27.10 ± 1.80) without statistical ***: The knowledge and compliance with OM management guidelines among jordanian oncology nurses need to be *** OM prevention and management guidelines are adopted in *** education and training are also recommended.

摘要：This paper shows that one-dimensional(1-D) [and three-dimensional(3-D) computational fluid dynamics(CFD)] simulations can replace the state-of-the-art usage of pseudo-homogeneous dispersion or back mixing *** is based on standardized lab-scale cell experiments for the determination of droplet rise,breakage,coalescence and mass transfer parameters in addition to a limited number of additional mini-plant experiments with original ***,the hydrodynamic parameters can also be derived using more sophisticated 3-D CFD *** 1-D modeling served as a basis to replace pilot-plant experiments in any column *** combination of 3-D CFD simulations with droplet population balance models(DPBM)increased the accuracy of the hydrodynamic simulations and gave information about the local droplet *** high computational costs can be reduced by open source CFD codes when using a flexible mesh *** combined simulations using a three way coupled CFD/DPBM/mass-transfer solver pave the way for a safer design of industrial-sized columns,where no correlations are available.

摘要：The stimulus to carry out this research is to investigate the relationship between internet advertisement and its features on the total E-commerce sales of the top five countries of Europe. The units of analysis are the individuals of UK, France, Italy, Germany and Netherland. Secondary data are collected from the reports of [1] (ADEX, 2010) and [2] (Eurostats, 2011). To empirically determine the relationship between independent variable and dependent variable in the European context, the study uses various statistical techniques, including OLS regression and correlation analysis techniques. The empirical findings indicate that the Internet advertisement features of search advertisement and classified advertisement have positive significant relationship with the E-commerce sales in Europe. The empirical findings indicate negative significant relationship of display advertisement with the E-commerce sales in Europe. However, this variable is also justified with the help of literature. Findings also demonstrate that search advertisement has strong positive relationship and it generates positive influence for the E-commerce sales as compared to the classified advertisement and display advertisement. Firms and marketers which are investing in online advertisement will find these results useful as they can get better sales and can use these features of online advertisement in order to maximize the sales of their products and services.

摘要：This paper examines the identity crisis experienced by Antoinette in Jean Rhys’ Wide Sargasso Sea (1966) from a predominantly soci-psychological perspective. Since most of the critical attention regarding Wide Sargasso Sea has been devoted to external problems, such as race, gender and colonial politics, this article will concentrate on the psychological relevance of those issues, examining the reasons for the internal conflict and sharp divisions that torment the heroine. It investigates identity crisis faced by the novel’s heroine and her struggle to overcome this crisis in a society where woman is triply marginalized by race, class, gender and colonialism. It also traces Antoinette’s search and struggle for an independent life and examines the extent to which she succeeds or fails in articulating her identity. Special emphasis will be laid on Erik Erikson’s psychological theories of identity crisis and human development. The paper depicts the protagonist’s endeavour to overcome the external forces that impact the construction or destruction of her identity. Ultimately, Antoinette reaches a resolution on her own terms,depending on her own personal decision and the surrounding societal and cultural circumstances.

摘要：Assessment is an important part of learning process. It can be defined as the process of gathering information for the purpose of making judgments about a current state of affairs presumably for the purpose of enhancing future outcomes [1]. It determines whether or not the goals of education are being met. Typically, most assessment tools give a numerical score as the result of the assessment. This may not be enough to improve the student’s progress. In this paper we defined main problems in current assessment tools and proposed a new assessment model that uses notions in knowledge space theory to overcome the shortage of the current assessment models. The experiment result showed that this new prototype made the assessment process easier and more effective. However, assessment affects decisions about grades, instructional needs and curriculum. This is an important phase of the learning process being showed in this paper in knowledge states framework. Future research will focus on making the tool behave intelligently to improve students’ learning momentum.

摘要：This paper presents a design for a stand-alone photovoltaic (PV) system to provide the required electricity for a single residential household in rural area in jordan. The complete design steps for the suggested household loads are carried out. Site radiation data and the electrical load data of a typical household in the considered site are taken into account during the design steps. The reliability of the system is quantified by the loss of load probability. A computer program is developed to simulate the PV system behavior and to numerically find an optimal combination of PV array and battery bank for the design of stand-alone photovoltaic systems in terms of reliability and costs. The program calculates life cycle cost and annualized unit electrical cost. Simulations results showed that a value of loss of load probability LLP can be met by several combinations of PV array and battery storage. The method developed here uniquely determines the optimum configuration that meets the load demand with the minimum cost. The difference between the costs of these combinations is very large. The optimal unit electrical cost of 1 kWh for LLP = 0.049 is $0.293;while for LLP 0.0027 it is $0.402. The results of the study encouraged the use of the PV systems to electrify the remote sites in jordan.