摘要：将我国的《建筑结构荷载规范》(GB5009-2001)与美国(ASCE7-98)、日本(RLB-AIJ2004)、加拿大(NBC1990)和澳大利亚(AS1170.2)几国规范进行了比较研究.首先总结了各国规范所采用的Davenport提出的经典抗风设计方法——阵风荷载因子法(GLF),然后对包括平均风速剖面、湍流强度、脉动风速谱类型进行了比较.美日加澳都将GLF取为一个恒量,相当于"位移风振系数",中国规范中的风振系数却是随高度变化的量,相当于"惯性力风振系数".

摘要：The Last Lawn of the Afternoon is one of Haruki Murakami’s most important early short *** this paper,I avoid conventional arguments,focusing my analysis on the encounter between the middle-aged woman and Boku,and the work’s historical backdrop and setting *** reveals how Boku’s personal experience speaks to the everyday lives of Japanese citizens at the mercy of circumstances in postwar Japan under American influence and international *** appears that Murakami attempts to convert the personal minority“memories”,lurking in the everyday order of postwar Japan,into“novels”as open collaborative storiesin his early short stories.

摘要：In the research on the Chinese temporal system,Chen(1988)proposed the ternary structure of Chinese temporal *** on the ternary structure of the Chinese temporal system,many researches have focused on discussing Chinese aspect *** with the research on aspect,there are fewer studies on Chinese verbal situations,such as Ma(1981),Deng(1985),Dai(1997),etc.,which are all based on Vendler’s(1967)four categories of verbal *** compared with verbal situation,there are fewer studies on *** researchers believe that phase and verbal situations are the same ***,this article believes that in the study of Chinese temporal system,we should first distinguish between phase and verbal situations,and then compare with *** on the distinction between phase and verbal situations,this article combines the situation and verbal aspect suffix“LE”,which is also an aspect marker,and tries to sum up the relationship between the situation and“LE”.

摘要：介绍了地铁站内烟气流动和控制的试验和数值研究。在三个真正地铁站内利用甲醇油池火作为燃料进行了试验,用所获得数据来验证地铁站火灾数值模型,并进一步检验其烟控系统的性能。在站内使用了制量烟气流动模型,再现了最简单条件下每个站点的试验结果,然后把结果跟其他试验条件下的试验结果进行了比较。最后,用模型预测更复杂火灾的烟气流动情况。另外,还讨论了地铁系统的有效设计和火灾安全设施的正常运作情况。通过限制内饰面材料的燃烧性能或者安装自动喷淋系统都可以有效控制热释放速率,且在站点两端开设逃生路线、站台和地铁隧道直接卷帘的正常启动等可有效保证安全疏散。

摘要："实践八号"乳胶室探测器是我国首次用于空间观测高能电子及伽玛射线的乳胶室探测器.介绍"实践八号"乳胶室探测器的设计原理、数据分析方法、设计过程和初步观测结果等."实践八号"乳胶室探测器空间观测时间为15天,可探测的粒子能量范围为100 GeV～5 TeV.

摘要：临时结构房屋的抗震性能次于永久结构房屋。桩基支撑的塔式起重机是一种临时结构,常被应用于建造高层建筑。安装在高处的塔式起重机,因其是高柔结构,在强地震动的作用下很可能会产生剧烈震荡。桩基结构的地震响应特性受周围的地基和基础类型的影响也较大。在当前日本的设计规范中,地震荷载仅仅被定义为20%的起重机结构重量,都没有充分考虑待结构的动态不稳定性和周围的地基类型。为探究塔式起重机在软粘土桩基中的抗震特性,开展了一系列的离心振动台试验。为起重机吊臂制定了2种不同的荷载条件来准确地模拟实际情况。根据测试结果,对塔式起重机的动力响应行为和影响的因素进行了讨论,得到如下结论:起重机臂架的荷载条件对桩的损伤程度有显著影响,并可以导致塔式起重机不同的破坏模式。

摘要：引言在筏式基础的设计中,由于基础的变形导致上部结构的破坏,因此差异沉降是比绝对沉降更重要的控制因素.一旦差异沉降不符合要求,设计者所面临的选择是在基础下加桩,或是增大筏板的厚度,在不考虑桩支承的情况下,筏基的绝对沉降是不与筏基厚度相关的,并且其值可利用弹性理论或非线性理论进行计算.而差异沉降与绝对沉降可以表示成比例关系.这个比例与筏基的尺寸和筏土之间的相对刚度相关.

摘要：合理设计和制备廉价且高效的电催化析氢(HER)材料对电解水有着十分重要的意义.本文开发了一种通过热解基于Ru离子交换方法得到的双金属Ru-Cu-BTC金属有机骨架简易制备Ru掺杂Cu负载的多孔碳材料(Ru-Cu@C)的方法.该催化剂在碱性电解液中表现出了优异的HER性能,电流密度为10 mA cm^(-2)时的过电位低至20 mV,且Tafel斜率仅有37 mV dec^(-1),该性能甚至超越了商用Pt/C催化剂.同时,密度泛函理论计算(DFT)结果表明,在Cu纳米晶的晶格中引入Ru原子后,H_(2)的吸附能接近于零,这极大地促进了H2在催化剂表面的脱附,显著改善了HER性能.该策略为开发廉价高效的碱性HER电催化剂提供了新的思路.

摘要：This paper analyzes the introduction of environmental taxes in the EU and Netherlands and their effects on agriculture, with a special focus on the background of the introduction of environmental tax systems, their design concepts and effects on agriculture, the effects of fertilizer taxes in promoting sustainable agriculture, policy packages between environmental tax and environmental agreements, effects on globalization and global competitiveness, and conversion to renewable energy based on biomass resources.