摘要：Precision genome editing is highly desired for crop *** recently emerged CRISPR/Cas technology offers great potential applications in precision plant genome engineering.A prime editing(PE)approach combining a reverse transcriptase(RT)with a Cas9 nickase and a“priming”extended guide RNA(gRNA)has shown a high frequency for precise genome modification in mammalian cells and several plant ***,the applications of the PE approach in dicot plants are still limited and *** designed and tested prime editors for precision editing of a synthetic sequence in a transient assay and for desirable alleles of 10 loci in tomato by stable *** data obtained by targeted deep sequencing also revealed only low PE efficiencies in both the tobacco and tomato *** assessment of the activities of the PE components uncovered that the fusion of RT to Cas9 and the structure of PE gRNAs(pegRNAs)negatively affected the cleaving activity of the Cas9 *** self-complementarity between the primer binding sequences(PBSs)and spacer sequence might pose risks to the activity of the Cas9 ***,modifying the pegRNA sequences by shortening or introducing mismatches to the PBSs to reduce their melting temperatures did not enhance the PE efficiency at the MADS-box protein(SlMBP21),alcobaca(SlALC),and acetolactate synthase 1(SlALS1)*** data show challenges of the PE approach in tomato,indicating that a further improvement of the PE system for successful applications is demanded,such as the use of improved expression systems for enriching active PE complexes.

摘要：An optimized formulation of a sustained release tablet of Gliclazide was developed. The use of Doptimal design with a polynomial statistical model to analyze dissolution data reduced the number of laboratory tests required to obtain an optimal dosage form. The final formulation contained 22 mg of Methocel&regE15LV, 16.5 mg Methocel&regE15 and 10.0 mg of Dibasic Calcium Phosphate per 30 mg Gliclazide sustained release tablet. Dissolution studies performed on tablets from 5000 tablet test batches released greater than 90 percent of loaded drug in eight hours. Drug release from the optimized tablets followed a pattern more closely similar to zero-order than other mechanisms of drug release tested. Storage of tablets in accelerated and ambient conditions for 6 and 12 months respectively did not alter any of the physico-chemical properties, drug release or the drug release rate compared to initial observations and dissolution data of the prepared tablets. The addition of potassium phosphate and monosodium phosphate to the tablet reduced the effect pH has on Gliclazide dissolution compared to the commercially available product.

摘要：背景:越南国家结核病防治规划(NTP)目的:展示美国疾病预防控制中心可持续管理发展项目(SMDP)是如何通过组织实施管理培训计划而在越南NTP中进行能力建设,并评价其对NTP国内培训规划的影响(NTP的国内培训规划是针对个人和团队管理实施,以及省级结核病防治规划的实施)。设计:对参与该项目的8个省级结核病防治机构进行案例研究,包括交叉案例和内容分析。结果:学员们和学员返回原单位后组织自学的团队对所学概念理解深入,特别是在循证决策、发现问题和解决问题、以及团队协同工作提高效果方面。有关在日常工作中如何运用这些概念的问题,学员给列举了许多例子。参与该项目的团队均超过、达到或非常接近其预期目标,包括提搞了DOTS的实施质量。改善工作过程已成为其实践的常规内容,且常常应用到其他地区。有几个团队表示,他们在发现问题和寻找解决方法方面更加主动。其他团队责表示,团队合作的增强提高了NTP工作人员的责任心。结论:包含实践内容的管理培训能够提升NTP的管理和实施效果。

摘要：Sustainable construction in the future will be influenced significantly by the beliefs and actions of civil engineering students studying at university today. A comparative investigation of the appreciation and attitudes regarding sustainable construction of civil engineering students at The NUCE (national university of Civil Engineering) in vietnam, and the Universities of Loughborough and Liverpool in the UK were therefore conducted. Results indicate that students at all three universities appreciate the importance of the development of sustainable construction and have positive attitudes with regards to sustainability. Construction design and appropriate use of materials were two issues generally considered the most important with regards to sustainability, but were also thought to be adequately covered on the courses in all three institutions.