摘要：Globally,agriculture depends on industrial nitrogen fertilizer to improve crop *** production consumes fossil fuels and contributes to environmental nitrogen pollution.A potential solution would be to harness nitrogenases—enzymes capable of converting atmospheric nitrogen N2 to NH3 in ambient *** is therefore a major goal of synthetic biology to engineer functional nitrogenases into crop plants,or bacteria that form symbiotic relationships with crops,to support growth and reduce dependence on industrially produced *** review paper highlights recent work toward understanding the functional requirements for nitrogenase expression and manipulating nitrogenase gene expression in heterologous hosts to improve activity and oxygen tolerance and potentially to engineer synthetic symbiotic relationships with plants.

摘要：锂离子电池在全球范围内的广泛应用加剧了对锂资源的消耗,其成本和原料将限制其未来发展。钠与锂具有相似物理化学性质,并且储量丰富。根据锂离子"摇椅式"电池原理,富钠离子化合物可类似富锂离子正极材料,提供可脱嵌的钠离子及结构。钠离子较锂离子大,其可逆脱嵌反应要求材料结构具有较大的容钠位与离子迁移通道。聚阴离子体磷酸钒钠Na_3V_2(PO_4)_3属于钠离子超导体(NASICON)材料,其NASICON结构骨架形成了稳定的容钠位,并且开放的三维离子迁移通道利于提高钠离子的扩散。Na_3V_2(PO_4)_3作为电池正极材料,具有理想的比容量、电压平台与循环稳定性,从而受到了广泛关注。本文首先介绍了Na_3V_2(PO_4)_3结构特点,其次结合团队已有的工作基础对Na_3V_2(PO_4)_3在钠离子电池、混合离子电池、水系电池,混合超级电容器等体系中的应用与反应机理进行了阐述;总结了基于Na_3V_2(PO_4)_3设计的复合材料与结构并探讨了Na_3V_2(PO_4)_3可能存在的问题与未来发展趋势。

摘要：提出一种新型工业化装配式钢框架梁柱节点,即装配式非对称钢梁栓-焊拼接节点.在欧洲规范（Eurocode3）推荐的组件法基础上,根据试验得到的节点失效模式,将下翼缘法兰板及高强度螺栓简化为类似于T形件的组件.分析了处于弹性工作状态的节点在正负弯矩作用下的法兰板等效刚度、连接法兰板的高强度螺栓抗拉刚度、节点域轴压柱腹板刚度等组件刚度模型.并将相应组件并联或串联,得到非对称钢梁栓-焊拼接节点初始转动刚度的理论计算式,并与已有试验结果、精细化数值结果相比较,吻合良好,验证了此方法的可行性及有效性,可为此类装配式节点的应用提供设计参考.

摘要：In this study, a novel punch toolset was developed to investigate the hot stamping of AA6082-T4 sheet. The effect of the process parameters, including forming temperature, punching velocity, friction coefficient, and blank holder force(BHF) on formability was quantified using Taguchi design, analysis of variance(ANOVA) and mathematical statistics. The finite element(FE) model has been established in software Pamstamp for simulation and analysis of their effects on the minimum thickness and thickness variation of the hot-stamped component. The major factors influencing the minimum thickness of the hot-stamped part has been found to be BHF and friction coefficient with influence significance of 35.3% and 34.88%, respectively. Additionally, punch velocity and BHF affect the thickness deviation significantly with influence significance of 40.43% and 35.42%, respectively. Furthermore, a serious thinning occurs on the punch corner region of the hot-stamped cup when the BHF is larger than 2.4 kN. The thickness deviation of the hotformed cup has been found to be firstly decreased and then increased with the increase of punch velocity. Low friction coefficient between punch and blank led to crack at bottom centre of the cup. Moreover, different type, phenomenon and mechanism of defects occurring during hot stamping process, such as crack and wrinkling, were discussed. The crack mode was dimple-dominated ductile fracture, which was induced by micro-void nucleation, growth and coalescence.

摘要：DNA modified nanoparticles(Au NPs) are an established and widely used type of nucleotide sensor. We sought to improve the design by applying short rigid DNA duplexes near the surface of the Au NPs forming a so called double-anchored Au NP sensor, and compared it with other conventional DNA modified Au NPs. The improved design exhibited higher assembly efficiency, and consequently increased its sensitivity to target DNA.

摘要：Purpose–The purpose of this paper is to propose a method to avoid hyperstaticity and eventually reduce the magnitude of undesired force/*** authors also study the influence of hyperstaticity on human motor control during a redundant ***/methodology/approach–Increasing the level of transparency of robotic interfaces is critical to haptic investigations and *** issue is particularly important to robotic structures that mimic the human counterpart’s morphology and attach directly to the *** arise for complex joints such as the wrist,which cannot be accurately matched with a traditional mechanical *** such cases,mechanical differences between human and robotic joint cause hyperstaticity(***-constrained)which,coupled with kinematic misalignment,leads to uncontrolled force/torque at the *** paper focusses on the prono-supination(PS)degree of freedom of the *** overall force and torque in the wrist PS rotation is quantified by means of a wrist ***–A practical solution to avoid hyperstaticity and reduce the level of undesired force/torque in the wrist is *** technique is shown to reduce 75 percent of the force and 68 percent of the *** is also shown an over-constrained mechanism could alter human motor *** implications–The presented solution could be taken into account in the early phase of design of *** could also be applied to modify the fixation points of commercial robots in order to reduce the magnitude of reaction forces and avoid changes in motor strategy during the robotic ***/value–In this paper for the first time the authors study the effect of hyperstaticity on both reaction forces and human motor strategies.

摘要：This article delivers a robust overview of potential electrode materials for use in symmetrical solid oxide fuel cells(S-SOFCs),a relatively new SOFC *** this end,this article provides a comprehensive review of recent advances and progress in electrode materials for S-SOFC,discussing both the selection of materials and the challenges that come with making that *** article discussed the relevant factors involved in developing electrodes with nano/***,e.g.,non-cobalt and lithiated materials,are only a few of the electrode types now being ***,the phase structure and microstructure of the produced materials are heavily influenced by the synthesis *** into the possibilities and difficulties of the material are *** achieve the desired microstructural features,this article focuses on a synthesis technique that is either the most recent or a better iteration of an existing *** portion of this analysis that addresses the risks associated with manufacturing and the challenges posed by materials when fabricating S-SOFCs is the most *** article also provides important and useful recommendations for the strategic design of electrode materials researchers.

摘要：本文介绍了现代民用航空发动机多级堆芯压缩机气动和气动弹性不稳定性分析的最新计算方法。现代燃气轮机设计继续朝着提高性能、减轻质量、降低成本的方向发展。由于涡轮机叶片翼型变薄,以改善性能和减轻质量,气动弹性挑战,如颤振和强制响应变得更占主导地位。此外,使用具有非常低的机械阻尼的叶盘(叶片集成盘)在现代压缩机设计中更为常见,在多排环境中准确预测压缩机稳定性变得至关重要。

摘要：As we navigate the transition from the Fourth to the Fifth Industrial Revolution,the emerging fields of biomanufacturing and biofabrication are transforming life sciences and *** sectors are benefiting from a synergy of synthetic and engineering biology,sustainable manufacturing,and integrated design *** techniques such as 3D bioprinting,tissue engineering,directed assembly,and self-assembly are instrumental in creating biomimetic scaffolds,tissues,organoids,medical devices,and biohybrid *** field of biofabrication in the United Kingdom and Ireland is emerging as a pivotal force in bioscience and healthcare,propelled by cutting-edge research and *** on the production of biologically functional products for use in drug delivery,in vitro models,and tissue engineering,research institutions across these regions are dedicated to innovating healthcare solutions that adhere to ethical standards while prioritising sustainability,affordability,and healthcare system benefits.

摘要：地铁郊区线路是城市通勤的重要方式,在早高峰期间可将郊区通勤乘客快速运送至中心城区的工作地点。由于通勤客流的巨大需求以及目的地集中性,即早高峰期间大多由郊区各站流向中心城区若干站点,导致列车和车站站台的过度拥挤,尤其是靠近市中心的地铁车站。据此,本文构建了列车运营计划与客流控制协同优化模型,列车运营计划包括大小交路和非等间隔时刻表服务。优化目标为降低最大站台滞留人数、站外总限流人数以及列车的总走行公里。为保证方案的可行性,模型考虑了列车车底的衔接以及最大可用车底数限制。针对所提出的大规模非线性模型,设计了嵌套暴力搜索的遗传算法进行求解。北京地铁房山线案例表明,本文提出的站外限流和小交路计划可有效降低靠近市中心的地铁车站的滞留乘客数,缓解高峰期拥挤现象。与现实无限流方案和本文无小交路方法相比,本文综合优化方法可提升目标函数的优化率超过14.8%。