摘要：在西遊叙述中,神魔鬥法前時常出現的,就是孫行者頻繁召唤土地,方能問明妖精、妖魔的出處,其頻率極高而關注者卻少,原因就是土地神僅被視爲陪襯性小神。世德堂本(以下簡稱世本)叙述其出場的方式及用意,作者其實交互使用兩種聲音:顯聲音即表現滑稽性的遊戲筆調,目的即在掩飾其真正的潛聲音,主要即借此諷喻、影射當世。這種文學旨趣在兩種聲音間交織,若隱若現,亟待解讀。世本寫定者雖曾吸收先行材料,但本身自有其創意所在,即化用當時道、佛二教的文化資源。這一點學界雖有關注者,此處即針對'召唤土地'情節,詳細解讀其使用的手法,認爲其背後皆有宗教、尤其道教知識的支持。運用從淺到深的叙述層次,其顯聲音即召唤土地的方式,軟硬兼用,從唤出到拘得,形成表面的叙述趣味;而關鍵的召唤叙述,也是簡繁俱有的捻訣、唸真言,從唵字到唵淨法界,按照當時的宗教文化的理解,即採用明代流行於文人間的準提信仰,致使作者挪用密教準提咒,並未襲用道教的召土地神咒。最值得注意的是召唤過程,叙寫行者對待土地、山神的使唤態度,而相對地,土地、山神則表現惶恐的滑稽表情。這種顯話語背後隱藏作者的潛話語,即運用'縱放之嫌'的叙述筆法,首即化用道教的鬼律、黑律知識,規範城隍——土地:境内凡有精邪而未能通告者,即有縱放之嫌而會被杖或流放;故作者叙寫土地既知妖精、妖魔存在卻任令其活動,即襲用'縱放之嫌',而叙寫行者欲用金箍棒威脅'欲打'而未打,此爲化用了道教的鬼律叙述;其次則是諷喻性的影射層次,明代中葉以前實行里甲制,小説家曾活用其兩件事:官方推動禮制性的里社壇制,但里甲居民仍然崇拜土地神,以致里社壇荒廢不用;其次里長、甲首負責里甲内的催税、徭役,但税役過重後導致居民脱逃,小説乃有逃門户、大户負擔元宵燈油等,此種叙述爲顯話語;而描述妖精、妖魔據洞稱王、差使土地,尤其後者俱從天界私下凡間,此種潛話語即諷喻明代王府與地方豪族。西遊叙述交錯活用顯、潛兩種聲音,即可知表面愈荒唐、嬉戲的語言,愈是掩飾當時習知的社會怪現狀,故時人自然領會其諷喻旨趣,今人則需從'縱放之嫌'切入,方能進行深刻的文學詮釋,確定世本能巧用多層次的語言藝術,從而爲其'奇書'作文學史的定位。

摘要：Photocatalysis provides a promising solution to the worldwide shortages of energy and industrially important raw materials by utilizing sunlight for coupled hydrogen(H_(2))production with controllable organic ***,we demonstrate that PtFeNiCoCu high-entropy alloy(HEA)nanocrystals can act as efficient cocatalysts for H_(2)evolution coupled with selective oxidation of cinnamyl alcohol to cinnamaldehyde by cubic cadmium sulfide(CdS)quantum dots(QDs)with uniform sizes of 4.0±0.5 *** nanocrystals were prepared via a simple solvothermal approach,and were successfully integrated with CdS QDs by an electrostatic self-assembly method to construct HEA/CdS *** optimized HEA/CdS sample presented an enhanced photocatalytic H_(2)production rate of 7.15 mmol g^(-1)h^(-1),which was 13 times that of pure CdS ***,a cinnamyl alcohol conversion of 96.2%with cinnamaldehyde selectivity of 99.5%was achieved after photoreaction for 3 *** integration of HEA with CdS QDs extended the optical absorption edge from 475 to 484 *** d-band center analysis,Pt atoms in the HEA are the active sites for H_(2)evolution,exhibiting higher catalytic activity than pure ***,the band structure of the CdS QDs enables the oxidative transformation of cinnamyl alcohol to cinnamaldehyde with high ***,femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy shows that HEA can significantly promote the separation of photogenerated carriers in CdS,which is vital for achieving enhanced photocatalytic *** work inspires atomic-level design of photocatalytic materials for coordinated production of green energy carriers and value-added products.

摘要：Plain stitch embroidery of Han Dynasty and before is rarely unearthed. Among the large amount of embroidery excavated from Haiqu （海曲 ）Han tombs in Rizhao（ 日照）, Shundong, an embroidery fragment with plain stitch was found. This is the first plain stitch embroidery with a typical cloudy pattern in Hun Dynasty unearthed up to now. And its needlework was very skillful. Combining the two pieces of plain stitch embroidery on wool fabrics found in Wubao（ 五堡 ） tomb at Hami （ 哈密 ） Xinjiang and Mawangdui （ 马王堆 ） Han tombs, we recognized that the application of plain stitch was earlier than scholars considered before. As basic plain stitchwork was poorer in art expression than chain stitchwork, it was less adopted in extravagant silk embroidery. But for ordinary status, plain stitch was more popular to be used in embroidery.

摘要：Inefficient photo-carrier separation and sluggish photoreaction dynamics appreciably undermine the photocatalytic decontamination efficacy of ***,an S-scheme Mn_(0.5)Cd_(0.5)S/Bi_(2)MoO_(6)heterojunction with interfacial Mo-S chemical bond is designed as an efficient *** this integrated photosystem,Bi2MoO6 and Mn_(0.5)Cd_(0.5)S function as oxidation and reduction centers of Mn_(0.5)Cd_(0.5)S/Bi_(2)MoO_(6)microspheres,***,the unique charge transfer mechanism in the chemically bonded S-scheme heterojunction with Mo-S bond as atom-scale charge transport highway effectively inhibits the photocorrosion of Mn_(0.5)Cd_(0.5)S and the recombination of photo-generated electron-hole pairs,endowing Mn_(0.5)Cd_(0.5)S/Bi_(2)MoO_(6)photocatalyst with excellent photocatalytic decontamination performance and ***,integration of Mn_(0.5)Cd_(0.5)S nanocrystals into Bi2MoO6 improves hydrophilicity,conducive to the ***,compared with Mn_(0.5)Cd_(0.5)S and Bi2MoO6,the Mn_(0.5)Cd_(0.5)S/Bi_(2)MoO_(6)unveils much augmented photoactivity in tetracycline eradication,among which Mn_(0.5)Cd_(0.5)S/Bi_(2)MoO_(6)-2 possesses the highest activity with the rate constant up to 0.0323 min-1,prominently outperforming other *** research offers a chemical bonding engineering combining with S-scheme heterojunction strategy for constructing extraordinary photocatalysts for environmental purification.

摘要：The animation evolved from the comics gradually, nowadays, the reason why audience of animation is growing and growing because animation industry influense a lot. Various forms of animation production methods, but also different styles and ***, Animation touched people＇s hearts deeply, not only depends on its production, as well as the script, action, camera language and color, etc.

摘要：Based on the traditional optimization methods about the pressure control spring of the relief valve and combined with the advantages of neural network, this paper put forward the optimization method with many parameters and a lot of constraints based on neural network. The object function of optimization is transformed into the energy function of the neural network and the mathematical model of neural network optimization about the pressure control spring of the relief valve is set up in this method which also puts for ward its own algorithm. An example of application shows that network convergence gets stable state of minimization object function E, and object function converges to the utmost minimum point with steady function, then best solution is gained, which makes the design plan better. The algorithm of solution for the problem is effective about the optimum design of the pressure control spring and improves the performance target.

摘要：Green heart is an important part of urban ecosystem and urban public space. Due to the limitation of geography, hydrology, soil, climate, transportation and other factors, valley cities in the Loess Plateau have certain particularities in the construction of their green hearts. Based on the connotation and characteristics of green heart, a typical valley city of Shenmu in Shaanxi Province was selected for research, and explored the adaptive design strategy of green heart in the city combining with the planning and design of the Central Park in Shenmu, so as to provide a reference point for the construction of green heart in the same type of city.

摘要：In recent years, with the development of social and economic ＂globalization＂, in China, the new knowledge economy society has been gradually formed. The old education system, teaching management, and many old teaching methods and concepts are no longer adapted to the social development and needs. The world needs the new comprehensive quality talents. Developing high-quality and useful talents to serve the community is not only needed by both society and market, but also our most urgent and imperative task. As the art and design in colleges which is closely related to the socio-economic development, it is like a barometer of social economy, accurately reflecting the socio-economic dynamics and trends. To break the traditional concept, we must convert the concept of major-targeting to major-adapting, namely the coexisting of innovation education and adaption education, to meet the domestic demand for high-quality and high standards art and design talents to meet the increasing demand for talents.

摘要：In traditional folk music research, when many questions can not be answered from the *** go to the fields and go to the places where these folk music used to be or is being spread. In the fields, we can objectively record the traces of the artists ＇activities with words, images, or videos. After careful analysis and consideration of the folk tunes while they performed in musician＇s mouth and hands, we will get unexpected results.＂Hai Zhou Five Main Tunes （HZFMT）＂is a typical case. If you only look at the literature, it is only a local folk narrative tunes. It is not uncommon throughout the country. However, if we go deep into the field investigation, after comparison and analysis, we can see that some of the singles music is the art of Sanqu singing that did not disappear from the Ming and Qing dynasties. These tunes are not lost, but they are handed down from generation to generation in the art population. It is also an art treasure created by the salt merchant culture

摘要：Over 30 items in Walter Benjamin’s The Arcades Project were about China,through which we could roughly know Benjamin’s understandings and interpretations towards *** his explanation of the illustration Le triomphe du kaleidoscope,ou Le Tombeau du Jeu chinois,(the triumph of Kaleidoscope or the Demise of Chinese Games),Walter Benjamin captures characteristics of Cubist art in European Modernism rather than the conflict between Chinese and Western *** items about China have mentioned numerous Chinese utensils and presented a sense of curiosity and glory of things“from China”.Moreover,Walter Benjamin paid special attention to traditional Chinese shadow play and urban garbage disposition in China and quotations of Karl Marx’s works as well.